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Keeping pace with the rapid growth of academia literature presents a significant challenge for researchers, funding bodies, and academic societies. To address the time-consuming manual effort required for scholarly discovery, we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Om Vishesh , Harshad Khadilkar , Deepak Akkil

Autonomous AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) with structured function-calling interfaces enable real-time data retrieval, computation, and multi-step orchestration. However, the rapid growth of plugins, connectors, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Norbert Tihanyi , Djallel Hamouda , Leandros Maglaras , Abderrahmane Lakas , Merouane Debbah

As AI agents increasingly operate in complex environments, ensuring reliable, context-aware privacy is critical for regulatory compliance. Traditional access controls are insufficient because privacy risks often arise after access is…

Agentic AI coding assistants can edit files, run commands, and access the internet on behalf of developers. However, their reliance on unvetted external artifacts introduces a new attack vector. Hidden instructions in external artifacts can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yue Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Yunbo Lyu , Ting Zhang , Haoyu Wang , David Lo

Engineering workflows such as design optimization, simulation-based diagnosis, control tuning, and model-based systems engineering (MBSE) are iterative, constraint-driven, and shaped by prior decisions. Yet many AI methods still treat these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Tong Duy Son , Zhihao Liu , Piero Brigida , Yerlan Akhmetov , Gurudevan Devarajan , Kai Liu , Ajinkya Bhave

Agentic AI systems plan, use tools, maintain state, and produce multi-step trajectories with external effects. Those properties create a governance problem that differs materially from single-turn generative AI: important risks emerge dur-…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Christopher Koch

AI agents aim to solve complex tasks by combining text-based reasoning with external tool calls. Unfortunately, AI agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks where data returned by external tools hijacks the agent to execute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Edoardo Debenedetti , Jie Zhang , Mislav Balunović , Luca Beurer-Kellner , Marc Fischer , Florian Tramèr

AI agents that interact with the real world through tool calls pose fundamental safety challenges: agents might leak private information, cause unintended side effects, or be manipulated through prompt injection. To address these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Martin Odersky , Yaoyu Zhao , Yichen Xu , Oliver Bračevac , Cao Nguyen Pham

In recent years, smart contracts have suffered major exploits, costing millions of dollars. Unlike traditional programs, smart contracts are deployed on a blockchain. As such, they cannot be modified once deployed. Though various tools have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Christof Ferreira Torres , Mathis Baden , Robert Norvill , Beltran Borja Fiz Pontiveros , Hugo Jonker , Sjouke Mauw

AI agents plan and execute interactions in open-ended environments. For example, OpenAI's Operator can use a web browser to do product comparisons and buy online goods. Much research on making agents useful and safe focuses on directly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Alan Chan , Kevin Wei , Sihao Huang , Nitarshan Rajkumar , Elija Perrier , Seth Lazar , Gillian K. Hadfield , Markus Anderljung

Agent frameworks increasingly encode tool-using behavior as explicit workflow graphs, yet safety enforcement remains a runtime concern. These frameworks expose analyzable graph structure through their APIs, enabling pre-deployment static…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Melwin Xavier , Vaisakh M A , Melveena Jolly , Midhun Xavier

Control evaluations measure whether monitoring and security protocols for AI systems prevent intentionally subversive AI models from causing harm. Our work presents the first control evaluation performed in an agent environment. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Aryan Bhatt , Cody Rushing , Adam Kaufman , Tyler Tracy , Vasil Georgiev , David Matolcsi , Akbir Khan , Buck Shlegeris

The combination of LLM agents with external tools enables models to solve complex tasks beyond their knowledge base. Human-designed tools are inflexible and restricted to solutions within the scope of pre-existing tools created by experts.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mohd Ariful Haque , Justin Williams , Sunzida Siddique , Md. Hujaifa Islam , Hasmot Ali , Kishor Datta Gupta , Roy George

AI agents that autonomously interact with external tools and environments have shown great promise across real-world applications. However, their reliance on external data exposes them to serious indirect prompt injection attacks, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hao Li , Ruoyao Wen , Shanghao Shi , Ning Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Chaowei Xiao

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents can now orchestrate cyberattacks. This development is already increasing the speed and scale of cyber attacks, decreasing attack costs, and improving the operational autonomy of cyber capabilities. To…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Matt Mittelsteadt , Jam Kraprayoon , Robin Staes-Polet , Oskar Galeev , Jan Wehner , Christopher Covino , Shaun Ee

Tool-using agents often incur substantial computational cost due to long reasoning chains and iterative tool usage. In practical scenarios, many tasks become infeasible under constrained tool environments, where the capabilities required…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Liang Cheng , Mingsheng Cai , Jiuming Jiang , Luo Mai

The rapid rise of autonomous AI systems and advancements in agent capabilities are introducing new risks due to reduced oversight of real-world interactions. Yet agent testing remains nascent and is still a developing science. As AI agents…

Recent work has raised concerns on the risk of unintended bias in AI systems being used nowadays that can affect individuals unfairly based on race, gender or religion, among other possible characteristics. While a lot of bias metrics and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Pedro Saleiro , Benedict Kuester , Loren Hinkson , Jesse London , Abby Stevens , Ari Anisfeld , Kit T. Rodolfa , Rayid Ghani

Agentic AI marks an important transition from single-step generative models to systems capable of reasoning, planning, acting, and adapting over long-lasting tasks. By integrating memory, tool use, and iterative decision cycles, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Sahaya Jestus Lazer , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Elisa Bertino

Modern software infrastructure increasingly relies on LLM agents for development and maintenance, such as Claude Code and Gemini-cli. However, these AI agents differ fundamentally from traditional deterministic software, posing a…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yusheng Zheng , Yanpeng Hu , Tong Yu , Andi Quinn
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