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Autonomous AI agents extend large language models into full runtime systems that load skills, ingest external content, maintain memory, plan multi-step actions, and invoke privileged tools. In such systems, security failures rarely remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yixiang Zhang , Xinhao Deng , Jiaqing Wu , Yue Xiao , Ke Xu , Qi Li

When AI agents operating with access to sensitive information encounter a conflict between completing an assigned task and following rules or ethical constraints, they can resort to unsanctioned behaviour. Existing inference time safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Francesca Gomez

Agentic AI systems introduce a security surface that is qualitatively different from that of stateless LLMs. They persist memory, invoke external tools, coordinate with peer agents, and operate across sessions, allowing attacks to emerge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Kexin Chu

Agentic AI coding editors driven by large language models have recently become more popular due to their ability to improve developer productivity during software development. Modern editors such as Cursor are designed not just for code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yue Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Yunbo Lyu , Ting Zhang , Haoyu Wang , David Lo

While it is still unclear if agents with Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) could ever be built, we can already use mathematical models to investigate potential safety systems for these agents. We present an AGI safety layer that creates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Koen Holtman

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are being readily and rapidly adopted, increasingly permeating critical domains: from consumer platforms and enterprise software to networked systems with embedded agents. While this has unlocked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Amy Chang , Tiffany Saade , Sanket Mendapara , Adam Swanda , Ankit Garg

Autonomous AI agents increasingly issue side-effect-bearing actions: database mutations, refunds, payments, external commitments. We propose the Actuarial Action Interface (AAI), a deterministic runtime contract that prices each such action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Hao-Hsuan Chen

The proliferation of autonomous AI agents capable of executing real-world actions - filesystem operations, API calls, database modifications, financial transactions - introduces a class of safety risk not addressed by existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Florin Adrian Chitan

AI agents increasingly call external tools (file system, network, APIs) through the Model Context Protocol (MCP). These tool calls are the agent's syscalls -- privileged operations with side effects on shared state -- yet today's safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Daeyeon Son

With AI-as-a-Service (AIaaS) now deployed across multiple providers and model tiers, selecting the appropriate model instance at run time is increasingly outside the end user's knowledge and operational control. Accordingly, the 6G service…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Mohaned Chraiti , Merve Saimler

AI agents are increasingly deployed in multi-tenant cloud environments, where they execute diverse tool calls within sandboxed containers, each call with distinct resource demands and rapid fluctuations. We present a systematic…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yusheng Zheng , Jiakun Fan , Quanzhi Fu , Yiwei Yang , Wei Zhang , Andi Quinn

AI coding assistants are now central to professional software development, yet their impact on how developers think about and practice security remains poorly understood. While prior work has documented vulnerability rates in AI-generated…

This article, a lightly adapted version of Perplexity's response to NIST/CAISI Request for Information 2025-0035, details our observations and recommendations concerning the security of frontier AI agents. These insights are informed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ninghui Li , Kaiyuan Zhang , Kyle Polley , Jerry Ma

Agentic AI systems, specifically LLM-driven agents that plan, invoke tools, maintain persistent memory, and delegate tasks to peer agents via protocols such as MCP and A2A, introduce a threat surface that differs materially from standalone…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Javad Forough , Marios Kogias , Hamed Haddadi

As AI systems gain increasing autonomy and execution capability, the number of discovered security vulnerabilities continues to rise. However, many of these vulnerabilities are not fundamentally novel, but instead reflect recurring classes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Xiaokui Shu , Jiyong Jang , Frederico Araujo , Ian Molloy

Artificial intelligence pipelines -- spanning data collection, model training, deployment, and post-deployment monitoring -- concentrate ethical risks that intensify with multimodal and agentic systems. Existing governance instruments,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jasper Kyle Catapang

Current large language model agent frameworks prioritize autonomy but lack the governability mechanisms required for enterprise deployment. High-risk write operations proceed without independent review, complex tasks lack acceptance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Kai Pan , Rong Hou

As AI systems evolve into distributed ecosystems with autonomous execution, asynchronous reasoning, and multi-agent coordination, the absence of scalable, decoupled governance poses a structural risk. Existing oversight mechanisms are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Suyash Gaurav , Jukka Heikkonen , Jatin Chaudhary

AI agents - i.e. AI systems that autonomously plan, invoke external tools, and execute multi-step action chains with reduced human involvement - are being deployed at scale across enterprise functions ranging from customer service and…

Recent advances in AI-assisted programming have empowered agents to execute complex workflows via command-line interfaces, however, existing benchmarks are limited by short task horizons, data contamination from GitHub scraping, and a lack…