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For autonomous vehicles, safe navigation in complex environments depends on handling a broad range of diverse and rare driving scenarios. Simulation- and scenario-based testing have emerged as key approaches to development and validation of…

Generating tests that can reveal performance issues in large and complex software systems within a reasonable amount of time is a challenging task. On one hand, there are numerous combinations of input data values to explore. On the other…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Ali Sedaghatbaf , Mahshid Helali Moghadam , Mehrdad Saadatmand

Process digitization and integration is an increasing need for enterprises, while cyber-attacks denote a growing threat. Using the Business Process Management Notation (BPMN) is common to handle the digital and integration focus within and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Simon Hacks , Robert Lagerström , Daniel Ritter

Adversary emulation tools facilitate scripting and automated execution of cyber attack chains, thereby reducing costs and manual expert effort required for security testing, cyber exercises, and intrusion detection research. However, due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Max Landauer , Wolfgang Hotwagner , Thorina Boenke , Florian Skopik , Markus Wurzenberger

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results on natural language tasks, and security researchers are beginning to employ them in both offensive and defensive systems. In cyber-security, there have been multiple research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jiacen Xu , Jack W. Stokes , Geoff McDonald , Xuesong Bai , David Marshall , Siyue Wang , Adith Swaminathan , Zhou Li

Large language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency in code generation tasks across various programming languages. However, their outputs often contain subtle but critical vulnerabilities, posing significant risks when deployed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alexander Sternfeld , Andrei Kucharavy , Ljiljana Dolamic

Web applications are becoming truly pervasive in all kinds of business models and organizations. Today, most critical systems such as those related to health care, banking, or even emergency response, are relying on these applications. They…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-06-01 Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro , Guillermo Navarro-Arribas

This article summarizes the research progress of scenario-based testing and development technology for autonomous vehicles. We systematically analyzed previous research works and proposed the definition of scenario, the elements of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Xiaoyi Li

Scripting interfaces enable users to automate tasks and customize software workflows, but creating scripts traditionally requires programming expertise and familiarity with specific APIs, posing barriers for many users. While Large Language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Paiheng Xu , Gang Wu , Xiang Chen , Tong Yu , Chang Xiao , Franck Dernoncourt , Tianyi Zhou , Wei Ai , Viswanathan Swaminathan

The safety and reliability of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) are paramount, necessitating rigorous testing methodologies to uncover potential failures before deployment. Traditional testing approaches often prioritize either natural…

The stack-based access control mechanism plays a fundamental role in the security architecture of Java and Microsoft CLR (common language runtime). It is enforced at runtime by inspecting methods in the current call stack for granted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-10-15 Xin Li , Hua Vy Le Thanh

Security risk management can be applied on well-defined or existing systems; in this case, the objective is to identify existing vulnerabilities, assess the risks and provide for the adequate countermeasures. Security risk management can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-09 Stéphane Paul

System Instructions in Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly used to enforce safety policies, define agent behavior, and protect sensitive operational context in agentic AI applications. These instructions may contain sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Anubhab Sahu , Diptisha Samanta , Reza Soosahabi

Multi-targeted adversarial attacks aim to mislead classifiers toward specific target classes using a single perturbation generator with a conditional input specifying the desired target class. Existing methods face two key limitations: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Taïga Gonçalves , Tomo Miyazaki , Shinichiro Omachi

Defending computer networks from cyber attack requires timely responses to alerts and threat intelligence. Decisions about how to respond involve coordinating actions across multiple nodes based on imperfect indicators of compromise while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-05 John Mern , Kyle Hatch , Ryan Silva , Cameron Hickert , Tamim Sookoor , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Verification and validation of autonomous driving (AD) systems and components is of increasing importance, as such technology increases in real-world prevalence. Safety-critical scenario generation is a key approach to robustify AD policies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Benjamin Stoler , Ingrid Navarro , Jonathan Francis , Jean Oh

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has introduced critical security challenges, where adversarial actors can manipulate input prompts to cause significant harm and circumvent safety alignments. These prompt-based attacks…

Cyber-physical systems like autonomous vehicles are tested in simulation before deployment, using domain-specific programs for scenario specification. To aid the testing of autonomous vehicles in simulation, we design a natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Rimvydas Rubavicius , Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Alex Lascarides , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

The development of software components for autonomous driving functions should always include an extensive and rigorous evaluation. Since real-world testing is expensive and safety-critical -- especially when facing dynamic racing scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Tim Stahl , Johannes Betz

This paper presents a scenario generation framework that creates diverse, parametrized, and safety-critical driving situations to validate the safety features of autonomous vehicles in simulation [15]. By modeling factors such as road…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Kiruthiga Chandra Shekar , Aliasghar Moj Arab