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Computer users are generally faced with difficulties in making correct security decisions. While an increasingly fewer number of people are trying or willing to take formal security training, online sources including news, security blogs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Tingmin Wu , Wanlun Ma , Sheng Wen , Xin Xia , Cecile Paris , Surya Nepal , Yang Xiang

Simulation-based testing has become a standard approach to validating autonomous driving agents prior to real-world deployment. A high-quality validation campaign will exercise an agent in diverse contexts comprised of varying static…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Joy Saha , Trey Woodlief , Sebastian Elbaum , Matthew B. Dwyer

Scenario-based testing is a promising method to develop, verify and validate automated driving systems (ADS) since pure on-road testing seems inefficient for complex traffic environments. A major challenge for this approach is the provision…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Michael Schuldes , Christoph Glasmacher , Lutz Eckstein

Evaluating the correctness of code generated by AI is a challenging open problem. In this paper, we propose a fully automated method, named ACCA, to evaluate the correctness of AI-generated code for security purposes. The method uses…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Domenico Cotroneo , Alessio Foggia , Cristina Improta , Pietro Liguori , Roberto Natella

The knowledge of scripts, common chains of events in stereotypical scenarios, is a valuable asset for task-oriented natural language understanding systems. We propose the Goal-Oriented Script Construction task, where a model produces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Qing Lyu , Li Zhang , Chris Callison-Burch

Graph-based assessment formalisms have proven to be useful in the safety, dependability, and security communities to help stakeholders manage risk and maintain appropriate documentation throughout the system lifecycle. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-05-30 Nils Ole Tippenhauer , William G. Temple , An Hoa Vu , Binbin Chen , David M. Nicol , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk , William H. Sanders

Generating safety-critical scenarios is essential for testing and verifying the safety of autonomous vehicles. Traditional optimization techniques suffer from the curse of dimensionality and limit the search space to fixed parameter spaces.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Haolan Liu , Liangjun Zhang , Siva Kumar Sastry Hari , Jishen Zhao

Attack graphs are a tool for analyzing security vulnerabilities that capture different and prospective attacks on a system. As a threat modeling tool, it shows possible paths that an attacker can exploit to achieve a particular goal.…

AI-generated text (AIGT) detection evasion aims to reduce the detection probability of AIGT, helping to identify weaknesses in detectors and enhance their effectiveness and reliability in practical applications. Although existing evasion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yinghan Zhou , Juan Wen , Wanli Peng , Zhengxian Wu , Ziwei Zhang , Yiming Xue

We implemented and evaluated an automated cyber defense agent. The agent takes security alerts as input and uses reinforcement learning to learn a policy for executing predefined defensive measures. The defender policies were trained in an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Jakob Nyberg , Pontus Johnson

Software system can include redundant implementation elements, such as, different methods that can produce indistinguishable results. This type of redundancy is called intrinsic if it is already available in the software, although not…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Matteo Brunetto

Power grids are becoming more digitized, resulting in new opportunities for the grid operation but also new challenges, such as new threats from the cyber-domain. To address these challenges, cybersecurity solutions are being considered in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Ömer Sen , Philipp Malskorn , Simon Glomb , Immanuel Hacker , Martin Henze , Andreas Ulbig

In this article I describe a research agenda for securing machine learning models against adversarial inputs at test time. This article does not present results but instead shares some of my thoughts about where I think that the field needs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Ian Goodfellow

With the rapid advancement of AI in code generation, cybersecurity detection engineering faces new opportunities to automate traditionally manual processes. Detection authoring - the practice of creating executable logic that identifies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Fatih Bulut , Carlo DePaolis , Raghav Batta , Anjali Mangal

Automatically generating scripts (i.e. sequences of key steps described in text) from video demonstrations and reasoning about the subsequent steps are crucial to the modern AI virtual assistants to guide humans to complete everyday tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Jingyuan Qi , Minqian Liu , Ying Shen , Zhiyang Xu , Lifu Huang

Due to scarcity of time-series data annotated with descriptive texts, training a model to generate descriptive texts for time-series data is challenging. In this study, we propose a method to systematically generate domain-independent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Kota Dohi , Aoi Ito , Harsh Purohit , Tomoya Nishida , Takashi Endo , Yohei Kawaguchi

Malicious examples are crucial for evaluating the robustness of machine learning algorithms under attack, particularly in Industrial Control Systems (ICS). However, collecting normal and attack data in ICS environments is challenging due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed

Information theft attacks pose a significant risk to Large Language Model (LLM) tool-learning systems. Adversaries can inject malicious commands through compromised tools, manipulating LLMs to send sensitive information to these tools,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ziyou Jiang , Mingyang Li , Guowei Yang , Junjie Wang , Yuekai Huang , Zhiyuan Chang , Qing Wang

Automatic code generation has recently attracted large attention and is becoming more significant to the software development process. Solutions based on Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence are being used to increase human and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Leon Chemnitz , David Reichenbach , Hani Aldebes , Mariam Naveed , Krishna Narasimhan , Mira Mezini

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as educational agents for automatic short answer grading (ASAG) in real-world educational environments, significantly boosting assessment efficiency and scalability. However, when these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Xueyi Li , Zhuoneng Zhou , Zitao Liu , Yongdong Wu