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Table reasoning requires models to jointly perform semantic understanding and precise numerical operations. Most existing methods rely on a single-turn reasoning paradigm over tables which suffers from context overflow and weak numerical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mingyue Cheng , Shuo Yu , Chuang Jiang , Xiaoyu Tao , Qingyang Mao , Jie Ouyang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Large multimodal models (LMMs) combine unimodal encoders and large language models (LLMs) to perform multimodal tasks. Despite recent advancements towards the interpretability of these models, understanding internal representations of LMMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jayneel Parekh , Pegah Khayatan , Mustafa Shukor , Alasdair Newson , Matthieu Cord

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

This paper proposes a two-stage text-to-floorplan generation framework that combines the reasoning capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) with the generative power of diffusion models. In the first stage, we leverage a Chain-of-Thought…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ziyang Zong , Guanying Chen , Zhaohuan Zhan , Fengcheng Yu , Guang Tan

Effective financial reasoning demands not only textual understanding but also the ability to interpret complex visual data such as charts, tables, and trend graphs. This paper introduces a new benchmark designed to evaluate how well AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shuangyan Deng , Haizhou Peng , Jiachen Xu , Chunhou Liu , Ciprian Doru Giurcuaneanu , Jiamou Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made impressive progress in connecting vision and language, but they still struggle with spatial understanding and viewpoint-aware reasoning. Recent efforts aim to augment the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Kevin Qu , Haozhe Qi , Mihai Dusmanu , Mahdi Rad , Rui Wang , Marc Pollefeys

Unified multimodal models often struggle with complex synthesis tasks that demand deep reasoning, and typically treat text-to-image generation and image editing as isolated capabilities rather than interconnected reasoning steps. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Dianyi Wang , Chaofan Ma , Feng Han , Size Wu , Wei Song , Yibin Wang , Zhixiong Zhang , Tianhang Wang , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Jiaqi Wang

Many recent machine learning approaches to floorplanning represent placement decisions using discrete canvas coordinates, which creates scalability bottlenecks as the action space grows. In this work, we study the effect of learning a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Fin Amin , Nirjhor Rouf , Tse-Han Pan , Sounak Dutta , Md Kamal Ibn Shafi , Paul D. Franzon

Seamless integration of virtual and physical worlds in augmented reality benefits from the system semantically "understanding" the physical environment. AR research has long focused on the potential of context awareness, demonstrating novel…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Chengyuan Xu , Radha Kumaran , Noah Stier , Kangyou Yu , Tobias Höllerer

This survey and application guide to multimodal large language models(MLLMs) explores the rapidly developing field of MLLMs, examining their architectures, applications, and impact on AI and Generative Models. Starting with foundational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chia Xin Liang , Pu Tian , Caitlyn Heqi Yin , Yao Yua , Wei An-Hou , Li Ming , Xinyuan Song , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Ming Liu

Earth Observation (EO) data analysis is vital for monitoring environmental and human dynamics. Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show potential in EO understanding but remain restricted to single-sensor inputs, overlooking the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yan Shu , Bin Ren , Zhitong Xiong , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool , Begüm Demir , Nicu Sebe , Paolo Rota

Aligning vision and language concepts at a finer level remains an essential topic of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), particularly for tasks such as referring and grounding. Existing methods, such as proxy encoding and geometry…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Tianren Ma , Lingxi Xie , Yunjie Tian , Boyu Yang , Qixiang Ye

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs) have positioned them as a promising paradigm for agents, with long-term planning and decision-making emerging as core general-purpose capabilities for adapting to diverse scenarios and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Dawei Wang , Chengming Zhou , Di Zhao , Xinyuan Liu , Marci Chi Ma , Gary Ushaw , Richard Davison

Large Language Models (LLMs) have generated considerable interest and debate regarding their potential emergence of Theory of Mind (ToM). Several recent inquiries reveal a lack of robust ToM in these models and pose a pressing demand to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Ziqiao Ma , Jacob Sansom , Run Peng , Joyce Chai

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown impressive reasoning abilities, yet they struggle with spatial understanding and layout consistency when performing fine-grained visual editing. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Haoyu Zhen , Xiaolong Li , Yilin Zhao , Han Zhang , Sifei Liu , Kaichun Mo , Chuang Gan , Subhashree Radhakrishnan

Tidying up a messy table may appear simple for humans, but articulating clear criteria for tidiness is challenging due to the ambiguous nature of common sense reasoning. Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven capable of capturing common…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Yiqing Xu , David Hsu

Table reasoning requires models to jointly perform comprehensive semantic understanding and precise numerical operations. Although recent large language model (LLM)-based methods have achieved promising results, most of them still rely on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Chuang Jiang , Mingyue Cheng , Xiaoyu Tao , Qingyang Mao , Jie Ouyang , Qi Liu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made remarkable strides, largely driven by their ability to process increasingly long and complex contexts, such as high-resolution images, extended video sequences, and lengthy audio input.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kele Shao , Keda Tao , Kejia Zhang , Sicheng Feng , Mu Cai , Yuzhang Shang , Haoxuan You , Can Qin , Yang Sui , Huan Wang

A flurry of recent work has demonstrated that pre-trained large language models (LLMs) can be effective task planners for a variety of single-robot tasks. The planning performance of LLMs is significantly improved via prompting techniques,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yongchao Chen , Jacob Arkin , Yang Zhang , Nicholas Roy , Chuchu Fan

Unified multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promise in jointly advancing multimodal understanding and generation, with visual codebooks discretizing images into tokens for autoregressive modeling. Existing codebook-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yanzhe Chen , Huasong Zhong , Yan Li , Zhenheng Yang