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We perform a reconstruction of the polarization sector of the density matrix of an intense polarization squeezed beam starting from a complete set of Stokes measurements. By using an appropriate quasidistribution, we map this onto the…

Mechanical and electronic imperfections can result into polarization leakage in individual antennas of a radio interferometer. Such leakages manifest themselves as closure errors even in co-polar visibility measurements of unpolarized…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Sanjay Bhatnagar , Rajaram Nityananda

We show that, under the right conditions, one can make highly accurate polarization-based measurements without knowing the absolute polarization state of the probing light field. It is shown that light, passed through a randomly varying…

Complete determination of the polarisation state of light requires at least four distinct projective measurements of the associated Stokes vector. Stability of state reconstruction, however, hinges on the condition number $\kappa$ of the…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-30 Matthew R. Foreman , Alberto Favaro , Andrea Aiello

We report on the experimental implementation of a polarimeter based on a scheme known to be optimal for obtaining the polarization vector of ensembles of spin-1/2 quantum systems, and the alignment procedure for this polarimeter is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander Ling , Soh Kee Pang , Antia Lamas-Linares , Christian Kurtsiefer

Structured light is attracting significant attention for its diverse applications in both classical and quantum optics. The so-called vector vortex beams display peculiar properties in both contexts due to the non-trivial correlations…

The real-time, in-line analysis of light polarization is critical in optical communication networks, which suffers from the complex systems with numerous bulky opto-electro-mechanical elements tandemly arranged along optical path. Here, we…

Optical beam steering is a key element in many industrial and scientific applications like in material processing, information technologies, medical imaging and laser display. Even though galvanometer-based scanners offer flexibility, speed…

In this work we demonstrate a simple setup to generate and measure arbitrary vector beams that are tightly focused. The vector beams are created with a spatial light modulator and focused with a microscope objective with an effective…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-19 Pedro A. Quinto-Su

Vector polarization induced by a change in scalar phase has been far beyond our understanding of the relationship between polarization and phase in classical optics due to the entanglement of inherent polarized modes of light beams. To…

Polarization imaging captures the polarization state of light, revealing information invisible to the human eye yet valuable in domains such as biomedical diagnostics, autonomous driving, and remote sensing. However, conventional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Noa Kraicer , Erez Yosef , Raja Giryes

We propose an approach for deriving a broad class of propagation models for inhomogeneously, linearly polarized ``vector'' beams. Our formulation leverages a complex scalar potential along with an appropriately constructed Lagrangian energy…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-27 Jonathan Nichols , Frank Bucholtz

This paper addresses the challenge of classifying polarimetric SAR images by leveraging the peculiar characteristics of the polarimetric covariance matrix (PCM). To this end, a general framework to solve a multiple hypothesis test is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Pia Addabbo , Filippo Biondi , Carmine Clemente , Sudan Han , Danilo Orlando , Giuseppe Ricci

The polarization of light conveys crucial information about the spatial ordering and optical properties of a specimen. However, precise polarization measurement in challenging conditions, including constrained spaces, low light levels, and…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-10 Martin Bielak , Dominik Vašinka , Miroslav Ježek

Wavefront shaping has revolutionized imaging deep in scattering media, being able to spatially and temporally refocus light through or inside the medium. However, wavefront shaping is not compatible yet with polarization-resolved microscopy…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-26 Hilton B. de Aguiar , Sylvain Gigan , Sophie Brasselet

Optical vector beam generation based on the superposition technique [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107(5), 053601 (2011)] has attracted significant interest in both fundamental and applied optics due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. In this…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-04 A. Srinivasa Rao

We study a reduced hydrodynamic formulation of paraxial vector beam propagation in which the beam intensity, optical phase, and spatially-dependent polarization are coupled through a nonlinear dispersive system. While prior analytical work…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-26 Harbir Antil , Rainald Löhner , Sarswati Shah

The scattering of multispectral incoherent light is a common and unfavorable signal scrambling in natural scenes. However, the blurred light spot due to scattering still holds lots of information remaining to be explored. Former methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-29 Yitong Li , Zhengbo Zhu , Ze Li , Donglin Ma

Due to the inhomogeneous polarisation across the beam profile, cylindrical vector beams interact with optically active media in a complex manner. Here, we analyse evolution of polarisation of cylindrical vector beams propagating in an…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-10 Yuanyang Xie , Alexey Krasavin , Anatoly V. Zayats , Andrei Afanasev

Polarization beam splitters, devices that separate the two orthogonal polarizations of light into different propagation directions, are one of the most ubiquitous optical elements. However, traditionally polarization splitters rely on bulky…