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Staircase is one of the most common structures in artificial scenes. However, it is difficult for humanoid robots and people with lower limb disabilities or visual impairment to cross the scene without the help of sensors and intelligent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Weifeng Kong , Zhiying Tan

In undergraduate optics courses, diffraction gratings are studied extensively, generally within the scalar approximation. When the vector nature of light is taken into account, so-called polarization diffraction gratings have been proposed,…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-13 Massimo Santarsiero , J. C. G. de Sande , Gemma Piquero

An optical waveplate rotating light polarization can be modeled as a single-qubit unitary operator, whose action can be experimentally determined via quantum process tomography. Standard approaches to tomographic problems rely on the…

We analyse the polarisation properties of full Poincar\'e beams. We consider different configurations, such as Laguerre-Poincar\'e, Bessel-Poincar\'e, and Lambert-Poincar\'e beams. The former is the original Poincar\'e beam produced by a…

Optics · Physics 2019-12-02 Dorilian Lopez-Mago

We report polarimetric measurements of geometric phases that are generated by evolving polarized photons along non-geodesic trajectories on the Poincar\'e sphere. The core of our polarimetric array consists of seven wave plates that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-14 O. Ortíz , Y. Yugra , A. Rosario , J. C. Sihuincha , J. C. Loredo , M. V. Andrés , F. De Zela

In situ scanning transmission electron microscopy enables observation of the domain dynamics in ferroelectric materials as a function of externally applied bias and temperature. The resultant data sets contain a wealth of information on…

We report the efficient creation and detection of hybrid entanglement between one photon's polarization and another photon's complex transverse polarization pattern. The polarization measurement of the first photon triggers a polarization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-18 Robert Fickler , Radek Lapkiewicz , Sven Ramelow , Anton Zeilinger

Context. As a new growing field, exocartography aims to map the surface features of exoplanets that are beyond the resolution of traditional observing techniques. While photometric approaches have been discussed extensively, polarimetry has…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-22 S. Winning , M. Lietzow-Sinjen , S. Wolf

We exploit human color metamers to send light-modulated messages less visible to the human eye, but recoverable by cameras. These messages are a key component to camera-display messaging, such as handheld smartphones capturing information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-07 Eric Wengrowski , Kristin Dana , Marco Gruteser , Narayan Mandayam

Recent experimental studies indicate that visual cognition is accompanied by slowly propagating biophysical travelling waves in cortical tissue. Here we propose polarization waves as a coherent physical framework for visual cognition. We…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-10 Hyun Myung Jang , Youngwoo Jang , Hyeon Han

Optical fields polarized along three dimensions are frequent in optical microscopy and nanophotonics, and yet retrieving their polarization distribution is challenging. We present the experimental implementation of three-dimensional (3D)…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-17 Isael Herrera , Miguel A. Alonso , Sophie Brasselet

We employ polarization tomography to characterize the modal properties of a dielectric nanocavity with sub-wavelength mode confinement. Our analysis of reflection spectra shows that the Fano-lineshape depends strongly on the polarization in…

We demonstrate the use of cylindrical vector beams - beams with spatially varying polarization - for detecting and preparing the spin of a warm rubidium vapor in a spatially dependent manner. We show that a modified probe vector beam can…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Fredrik K. Fatemi

Undoubtedly, Raman spectroscopy is one of the most elaborated spectroscopy tools in materials science, chemistry, medicine and optics. However, when it comes to the analysis of nanostructured specimens, accessing the Raman spectra resulting…

The use of structured ultrashort pulses with coupled spatiotemporal properties is emerging as a key tool for ultrafast manipulation. Ultrafast vector beams are opening exciting opportunities in different fields such as microscopy,…

In the past decade, several neutron reflectometry methods for determining the modulus and phase of the complex reflection coefficient of an unknown multilayer thin film have been worked out among which the method of variation of…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-09-06 Seyed Farhad Masoudi , Saeed S. Jahromi

We show that the polarization state of coherent light propagating through an optically thick multiple-scattering medium, can be controlled by wavefront shaping, i.e. by controlling only the spatial phase of the incoming field with a spatial…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-05 Yefeng Guan , Ori Katz , Eran Small , Jianying Zhou , Yaron Silberberg

Complex vector modes of light, non-separable in their spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom, are revolutionising a wide variety of research fields. It is therefore not surprising that the generation techniques have evolved quite…

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally coherence-induced polarization changes in generic and higher-order vector vortex beams with polarization singularity. The prominent depolarization on decreasing transverse correlation-width in…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-22 Stuti Joshi , Saba N Khan , Manisha , P Senthilkumaran , Bhaskar Kanseri

In this paper we present a differential approach to photo-polarimetric shape estimation. We propose several alternative differential constraints based on polarisation and photometric shading information and show how to express them in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-28 Silvia Tozza , William A. P. Smith , Dizhong Zhu , Ravi Ramamoorthi , Edwin R. Hancock
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