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Modern cyber-physical systems are complex, and requirements are often written in Signal Temporal Logic (STL). Writing the right STL is difficult in practice; engineers benefit from concrete executions that illustrate what a specification…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Martin Jouve-Genty , Han Su , Sota Sato , Jie An , Zhenya Zhang , Ichiro Hasuo

We study a variant of LTLf synthesis that synthesizes adaptive strategies for achieving a multi-tier goal, consisting of multiple increasingly challenging LTLf objectives in nondeterministic planning domains. Adaptive strategies are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Giuseppe De Giacomo , Gianmarco Parretti , Shufang Zhu

Deep search agents, which aim to answer complex questions requiring reasoning across multiple documents, can significantly speed up the information-seeking process. Collecting human annotations for this application is prohibitively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Fangyuan Xu , Rujun Han , Yanfei Chen , Zifeng Wang , I-Hung Hsu , Jun Yan , Vishy Tirumalashetty , Eunsol Choi , Tomas Pfister , Chen-Yu Lee

Language models (LMs) can solve tasks such as answering questions about tables or images by writing programs. However, using primitive functions often leads to verbose and error-prone programs, and higher-level functions require expert…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Zhiruo Wang , Daniel Fried , Graham Neubig

Due to the scarcity of publicly available diarization data, the model performance can be improved by training a single model with data from different domains. In this work, we propose to incorporate domain information to train a single…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Ivan Fung , Lahiru Samarakoon , Samuel J. Broughton

With the rise of large language models, neural text summarization has advanced significantly in recent years. However, even state-of-the-art models continue to rely heavily on high-quality human-annotated data for training and evaluation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Petros Stylianos Giouroukis , Alexios Gidiotis , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Improving open-source models on real-world SWE tasks (solving GITHUB issues) faces two key challenges: 1) scalable curation of execution environments to train these models, and, 2) optimal scaling of test-time compute. We introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Naman Jain , Jaskirat Singh , Manish Shetty , Liang Zheng , Koushik Sen , Ion Stoica

Model customization necessitates high-quality and diverse datasets, but acquiring such data remains time-consuming and labor-intensive. Despite the great potential of large language models (LLMs) for data synthesis, current approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Sheng Wang , Pengan Chen , Jingqi Zhou , Qintong Li , Jingwei Dong , Jiahui Gao , Boyang Xue , Jiyue Jiang , Lingpeng Kong , Chuan Wu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a prevalent paradigm for training tool calling agents, which typically requires online interactive environments. Existing approaches either rely on training data with ground truth annotations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chenming Tang , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Weijie Liu , Junqiang Zheng , Saiyong Yang , Yunfang Wu

Dense embeddings are fundamental to modern machine learning systems, powering Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), information retrieval, and representation learning. While instruction-conditioning has become the dominant approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Miguel Romero , Shuoyang Ding , Corey D. Barret , Georgiana Dinu , George Karypis

Generalization to novel compound tasks under distribution shift is important for deploying transformer-based language models (LMs). This work investigates Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning as a means to enhance OOD generalization. Through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ru Wang , Wei Huang , Selena Song , Haoyu Zhang , Qian Niu , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo , Jiaxian Guo

Visual reasoning (VR), which is crucial in many fields for enabling human-like visual understanding, remains highly challenging. Recently, compositional visual reasoning approaches, which leverage the reasoning abilities of large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Fucai Ke , Vijay Kumar B G , Xingjian Leng , Zhixi Cai , Zaid Khan , Weiqing Wang , Pari Delir Haghighi , Hamid Rezatofighi , Manmohan Chandraker

Deep learning models for computer vision often suffer from poor generalization when deployed in real-world settings, especially when trained on synthetic data due to the well-known Sim2Real gap. Despite the growing popularity of style…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Dustin Eisenhardt , Timothy Schaumlöffel , Alperen Kantarci , Gemma Roig

Machine learning is driven by data, yet while their availability is constantly increasing, training data require laborious, time consuming and error-prone labelling or ground truth acquisition, which in some cases is very difficult or even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Vasileios Gkitsas , Antonis Karakottas , Nikolaos Zioulis , Dimitrios Zarpalas , Petros Daras

Learning rate scheduling has evolved from the single global fixed rate of early SGD to sophisticated layer-wise adaptive strategies. We systematize this evolution into five generations: (Gen1) global fixed learning rates, (Gen2) global…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ming-Hong Yao , Di Wang , Jian Cui , Jin-Yan Chen , Zi-Hao Cui , Fa Wang , Chen Wei , Qiu-Ye Yu

Understanding and accurately following instructions is critical for large language models (LLMs) to be effective across diverse tasks. In this work, we rigorously examine the key factors that enable models to generalize to unseen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Dylan Zhang , Justin Wang , Francois Charton

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with browsing tools substantially improves their potential as deep search agents to solve complex, real-world tasks. Yet, open LLMs still perform poorly in such settings due to limited long-horizon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Rui Lu , Zhenyu Hou , Zihan Wang , Hanchen Zhang , Xiao Liu , Yujiang Li , Shi Feng , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

Domain reweighting is an emerging research area aimed at adjusting the relative weights of different data sources to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of LLM pre-training. We show that data mixtures that perform well at smaller…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Feiyang Kang , Yifan Sun , Bingbing Wen , Si Chen , Dawn Song , Rafid Mahmood , Ruoxi Jia

Dexterous grasping is fundamental to robotics, yet data-driven grasp prediction heavily relies on large, diverse datasets that are costly to generate and typically limited to a narrow set of gripper morphologies. Analytical grasp synthesis…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-18 René Zurbrügg , Andrei Cramariuc , Marco Hutter

Fine-tuning is becoming widely used for leveraging the power of pre-trained foundation models in new downstream tasks. While there are many successes of fine-tuning on various tasks, recent studies have observed challenges in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yuji Roh , Qingyun Liu , Huan Gui , Zhe Yuan , Yujin Tang , Steven Euijong Whang , Liang Liu , Shuchao Bi , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi , Zhe Zhao