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SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity), is the second mission of 'Earth Explorer' to be developed within the program 'Living Planet' of the European Space Agency (ESA). This satellite, containing the very first 1.4GHz interferometric…

A flexible maximum-entropy component separation algorithm is presented that accommodates anisotropic noise, incomplete sky-coverage and uncertainties in the spectral parameters of foregrounds. The capabilities of the method are determined…

Underwater localization is essential for marine exploration and autonomous underwater operations, yet existing radio frequency and optical approaches are limited by rapid attenuation or limited visibility. Acoustic sensing remains the most…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Junling Wang , Yi Guo , Bojun Yang , Yazhou Yuan , Zhenlin An

We present SOS-Match, a novel framework for detecting and matching objects in unstructured environments. Our system consists of 1) a front-end mapping pipeline using a zero-shot segmentation model to extract object masks from images and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Annika Thomas , Jouko Kinnari , Parker Lusk , Kota Kondo , Jonathan P. How

Combining synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) imagery with optical images for underwater object classification has the potential to overcome challenges such as water clarity, the stability of the optical image analysis platform, and strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Avi Abu , Roee Diamant

Detecting water-surface targets for Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) is challenging due to wave clutter, specular reflections, and weak appearance cues in long-range observations. Although 4D millimeter-wave radar complements cameras under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuting Wan , Liguo Sun , Jiuwu Hao , Zao Zhang , Pin LV

This work addresses the problem of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted target sensing in a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenario, where an IRS is employed to facilitate the radar/access point (AP) to sense the targets when the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Jilin Wang , Jun Fang , Hongbin Li , Lei Huang

Our ability to observe, detect, and characterize exoplanetary atmospheres has grown by leaps and bounds over the last 20 years, aided largely by developments in astronomical instrumentation; improvements in data analysis techniques; and an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-17 Nikolai Piskunov , Adam D. Rains , Linn Boldt-Christmas

In this article we consider the detection of compact sources in maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMB) following the philosophy behind the Mexican Hat Wavelet Family (MHWn) of linear filters. We present a new analytical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. López-Caniego , P. Vielva

Critical maritime infrastructure increasingly demands situational awareness both above and below the surface, yet existing ''seabed-to-sky'' mapping pipelines either rely on GNSS (vulnerable to shadowing/spoofing) or expensive bathymetric…

Methane (CH$_4$) is the chief contributor to global climate change. Recent Airborne Visible-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) has been very useful in quantitative mapping of methane emissions. Existing methods for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-07 Satish Kumar , Ivan Arevalo , ASM Iftekhar , B S Manjunath

The environment of low-altitude urban airspace is complex and variable due to numerous obstacles, non-cooperative aircrafts, and birds. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) leveraging environmental information to achieve three-dimension…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-30 Chao Dong , Yifan Zhang , Ziye Jia , Yiyang Liao , Lei Zhang , Qihui Wu

Many post-processing algorithms have been developed in order to better separate the signal of a companion from the bright light of the host star, but the effect of such algorithms on the shape of exoplanet spectra extracted from integral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-04 Evert Nasedkin , Paul Mollière , Jason Wang , Faustine Cantalloube , Laura Kreidberg , Laurent Pueyo , Tomas Stolker , Arthur Vigan

Optical-SAR image matching is a fundamental task for image fusion and visual navigation. However, all large-scale open SAR dataset for methods development are collected from single platform, resulting in limited satellite types and spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yibin Ye , Xichao Teng , Shuo Chen , Yijie Bian , Tao Tan , Zhang Li

We present here the first application of Stellar and Exoplanetary Atmospheres Bayesian Analysis Simultaneous Spectroscopy (SEA BASS) on real datasets. SEA BASS is a scheme that enables the simultaneous derivation of four-coefficient stellar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 Giuseppe Morello

Accurate acquisition of high-resolution surface meteorological conditions is critical for forecasting and simulating meteorological variables. Directly applying spatial interpolation methods to derive meteorological values at specific…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 Siwei Tu , Jingyi Xu , Weidong Yang , Lei Bai , Ben Fei

The Simons Observatory (SO) will be a cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment with three small-aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope, which will observe from the Atacama Desert in Chile. In total, SO will field…

Localization in GNSS-denied and GNSS-degraded environments is a challenge for the safe widespread deployment of autonomous vehicles. Such GNSS-challenged environments require alternative methods for robust localization. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shounak Sural , Ragunathan Rajkumar

The high-contrast imaging technique is meant to provide insight into those planets orbiting several astronomical units from their host star. Space missions such as WFIRST, HabEx, and LUVOIR will measure reflected light spectra of cold…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 Mario Damiano , Renyu Hu