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Transformer-based foundation models have achieved remarkable progress in tasks such as time-series forecasting and image segmentation. However, they frequently suffer from error accumulation in multivariate long-sequence prediction and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Hua Wang , Jinghao Lu , Fan Zhang

Deep learning-based methods have been widely researched in the areas of language and vision, demonstrating their capacity to understand long sequences of data and their usefulness in numerous helio-physics applications. Foundation models…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly advanced Earth sciences, yet its full potential in to comprehensively modeling Earth's complex dynamics remains unrealized. Geoscience foundation models (GFMs) emerge as a paradigm-shifting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Hao Zhang , Jin-Jian Xu , Hong-Wei Cui , Lin Li , Yaowen Yang , Chao-Sheng Tang , Niklas Boers

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is indispensable in modern materials science, enabling high-resolution imaging across a wide range of structural, chemical, and functional investigations. However, SEM imaging remains constrained by…

Multi-modal co-learning is emerging as an effective paradigm in machine learning, enabling models to collaboratively learn from different modalities to enhance single-modality predictions. Earth Observation (EO) represents a quintessential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Francisco Mena , Dino Ienco , Cassio F. Dantas , Roberto Interdonato , Andreas Dengel

Model merging aims to integrate multiple task-specific fine-tuned models derived from a shared pre-trained checkpoint into a single multi-task model without additional training. Despite extensive research, task interference remains a major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Longhua Li , Lei Qi , Qi Tian , Xin Geng

Network foundation models promise reusable representations for diverse traffic analysis tasks, but recent diagnostic works have revealed fundamental problems: models exploit dataset shortcuts rather than learning genuine traffic patterns,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Sylee Beltiukov , Satyandra Guthula , Haarika Manda , Jaber Daneshamooz , Wenbo Guo , Walter Willinger , Arpit Gupta , Inder Monga

Geospatial Foundation Models (GFMs) have emerged as powerful tools for extracting representations from Earth observation data, but their evaluation remains inconsistent and narrow. Existing works often evaluate on suboptimal downstream…

Multi-modal data in Earth Observation (EO) presents a huge opportunity for improving transfer learning capabilities when pre-training deep learning models. Unlike prior work that often overlooks multi-modal EO data, recent methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jose Sosa , Danila Rukhovich , Anis Kacem , Djamila Aouada

A memory efficient approach to ensembling neural networks is to share most weights among the ensembled models by means of a single reference network. We refer to this strategy as Embedded Ensembling (EE); its particular examples are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-25 Maksim Velikanov , Roman Kail , Ivan Anokhin , Roman Vashurin , Maxim Panov , Alexey Zaytsev , Dmitry Yarotsky

Foundation models have transformed natural language processing and computer vision, and their impact is now reshaping remote sensing image analysis. With powerful generalization and transfer learning capabilities, they align naturally with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Liling Yang , Ning Chen , Jun Yue , Yidan Liu , Jiayi Ma , Pedram Ghamisi , Antonio Plaza , Leyuan Fang

In recent years, the application of Deep Learning techniques has shown remarkable success in various computer vision tasks, paving the way for their deployment in extraterrestrial exploration. Transfer learning has emerged as a powerful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Leonardo Olivi , Edoardo Santero Mormile , Enzo Tartaglione

Beyond word embeddings, continuous representations of knowledge graph (KG) components, such as entities, types and relations, are widely used for entity mention disambiguation, relation inference and deep question answering. Great strides…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Sandeep Subramanian , Soumen Chakrabarti

Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) achieve impressive performance in image classification tasks, yet the internal representations they learn remain less understood. This work started as an attempt to understand the strong downstream classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Anika Shrivastava , Renu Rameshan , Samar Agnihotri

This paper investigates an under-explored but important problem: given a collection of pre-trained neural networks, predicting their performance on each multi-modal task without fine-tuning them, such as image recognition, referring,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Fanqing Meng , Wenqi Shao , Zhanglin Peng , Chonghe Jiang , Kaipeng Zhang , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

We take the perspective in which we want to design a downstream task (such as estimating vegetation coverage) on a certain area of interest (AOI) with a limited labeling budget. By leveraging an existing Foundation Model (FM) we must decide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Raul Ramos-Pollan , Freddie Kalaitzis , Karthick Panner Selvam

Foundation models possess strong capabilities in reasoning and memorizing across modalities. To further unleash the power of foundation models, we present FIND, a generalized interface for aligning foundation models' embeddings with unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Xueyan Zou , Linjie Li , Jianfeng Wang , Jianwei Yang , Mingyu Ding , Junyi Wei , Zhengyuan Yang , Feng Li , Hao Zhang , Shilong Liu , Arul Aravinthan , Yong Jae Lee , Lijuan Wang

Quantum computing has introduced novel perspectives for tackling and improving machine learning tasks. Moreover, the integration of quantum technologies together with well-known deep learning (DL) architectures has emerged as a potential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-14 Lorenzo Papa , Alessandro Sebastianelli , Gabriele Meoni , Irene Amerini

Continuously estimating an agent's state space and a representation of its surroundings has proven vital towards full autonomy. A shared common ground among systems which successfully achieve this feat is the integration of previously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-05 Gil Avraham , Yan Zuo , Thanuja Dharmasiri , Tom Drummond

Research in efficient vision backbones is evolving into models that are a mixture of convolutions and transformer blocks. A smart combination of both, architecture-wise and component-wise is mandatory to excel in the speedaccuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Moritz Nottebaum , Matteo Dunnhofer , Christian Micheloni