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During the last years, large-scale simulations of realistic physical environments which support the interaction of multiple participants over the Internet have become increasingly available and economically significant, most notably in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Uwe Hermann , Stefan Katzenbeisser , Christian Schallhart , Helmut Veith

We introduce Genie, the first generative interactive environment trained in an unsupervised manner from unlabelled Internet videos. The model can be prompted to generate an endless variety of action-controllable virtual worlds described…

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have the potential to significantly enhance human productivity by reasoning, using tools, and executing complex tasks in diverse environments. However, current approaches to…

Employing large language models (LLMs) to enable embodied agents has become popular, yet it presents several limitations in practice. In this work, rather than using LLMs directly as agents, we explore their use as tools for embodied agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Yujeong Lee , Sangwoo Shin , Wei-Jin Park , Honguk Woo

Post-training GUI agents in interactive environments is critical for developing generalization and long-horizon planning capabilities. However, training on real-world applications is hindered by high latency, poor reproducibility, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yuan Cao , Dezhi Ran , Mengzhou Wu , Yuzhe Guo , Xin Chen , Ang Li , Gang Cao , Gong Zhi , Hao Yu , Linyi Li , Wei Yang , Tao Xie

Autonomous agents that execute human tasks by controlling computers can enhance human productivity and application accessibility. However, progress in this field will be driven by realistic and reproducible benchmarks. We present…

We present a scalable pipeline for automatically generating high-quality training data for web agents. In particular, a major challenge in identifying high-quality training instances is trajectory evaluation - quantifying how much progress…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Lajanugen Logeswaran , Jaekyeom Kim , Sungryull Sohn , Creighton Glasscock , Honglak Lee

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) task aims to enable AI agents to accurately understand and follow natural language instructions to navigate through real-world environments, ultimately reaching specific target locations. We recognise a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Qi Chen , Dileepa Pitawela , Chongyang Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Hsiang-Ting Chen , Qi Wu

Interactive multimodal agents must convert raw visual observations into coherent sequences of language-conditioned actions -- a capability that current vision-language models (VLMs) still lack. Earlier reinforcement-learning (RL) efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 George Bredis , Stanislav Dereka , Viacheslav Sinii , Ruslan Rakhimov , Daniil Gavrilov

Designing agents, capable of learning autonomously a wide range of skills is critical in order to increase the scope of reinforcement learning. It will both increase the diversity of learned skills and reduce the burden of manually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Grgur Kovač , Adrien Laversanne-Finot , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

End-to-end task bots are typically learned over a static and usually limited-size corpus. However, when deployed in dynamic, changing, and open environments to interact with users, task bots tend to fail when confronted with data that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Xiaoying Zhang , Baolin Peng , Jianfeng Gao , Helen Meng

We introduce REAL, a benchmark and framework for multi-turn agent evaluations on deterministic simulations of real-world websites. REAL comprises high-fidelity, deterministic replicas of 11 widely-used websites across domains such as…

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly capable and can now interact with tools (i.e., call functions), read documents, and recursively call themselves. As a result, these LLMs can now function autonomously as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Richard Fang , Rohan Bindu , Akul Gupta , Qiusi Zhan , Daniel Kang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong coding capabilities but still struggle to solve competitive programming problems correctly in a single attempt. Execution-based re-ranking offers a promising test-time scaling strategy,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zeyao Ma , Jing Zhang , Xiaokang Zhang , Jiaxi Yang , Zongmeng Zhang , Jiajun Zhang , Yuheng Jing , Lei Zhang , Hao Zheng , Wenting Zhao , Junyang Lin , Binyuan Hui

We study whether self-learning can scale LLM-based agents without relying on human-curated datasets or predefined rule-based rewards. Through controlled experiments in a search-agent setting, we identify two key determinants of scalable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wangtao Sun , Xiang Cheng , Jialin Fan , Yao Xu , Xing Yu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

The next generation of autonomous agents must not only learn efficiently but also act reliably and adapt their behavior in open worlds. Standard approaches typically assume fixed tasks and environments with little or no novelty, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Florent Delgrange

As Large Language Models (LLMs) move from curated training sets into open-ended real-world environments, a fundamental limitation emerges: static training cannot keep pace with continual deployment environment change. Scaling training-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Minhua Lin , Hanqing Lu , Zhan Shi , Bing He , Rui Mao , Zhiwei Zhang , Zongyu Wu , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Zhenwei Dai , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang , Benoit Dumoulin , Jian Pei

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an embodied agent to navigate in a complex 3D environment according to natural language instructions. Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has enabled language-driven navigation with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zijun Li , Shijie Li , Zhenxi Zhang , Bin Li , Shoujun Zhou

Large language model (LLM) agents accumulate rich episodic trajectories while solving real-world tasks, but it remains unclear whether such experience can be distilled into reusable procedural skills. We introduce SkillEvolBench, a…

Algorithm audits have increased in recent years due to a growing need to independently assess the performance of automatically curated services that process, filter, and rank the large and dynamic amount of information available on the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Roberto Ulloa , Mykola Makhortykh , Aleksandra Urman
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