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Cyber-physical systems (CPS) integrate sensing, computing, communication and actuation capabilities to monitor and control operations in the physical environment. A key requirement of such systems is the need to provide predictable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-07-29 Hyoseung Kim

Deploying AI agents for repetitive periodic tasks exposes a critical tension: Large Language Models (LLMs) offer unmatched flexibility in tool orchestration, yet their inherent stochasticity causes unpredictable failures, and repeated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xiaohua Wang , Kai Yu , XuXiao Liang , Liang Wang , Chao Han

Prompt injection is the most critical vulnerability in deployed AI agents. Despite recent progress, we show that the prevailing defense paradigm (data-instruction separation) both fails to detect attacks that operate through contextual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sahar Abdelnabi , Eugene Bagdasarian

The fundamental tension between availability and consistency shapes the design of distributed storage systems. Classical results capture extreme points of this trade-off: the CAP theorem shows that strong models like linearizability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Hagit Attiya , Constantin Enea , Enrique Román-Calvo

The neural model introduced by Sompolinsky, Crisanti, and Sommers (SCS) nearly four decades ago has become a paradigmatic framework for studying complex dynamics in random recurrent networks. In its original formulation, with balanced…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-10-10 Carles Martorell , Rubén Calvo , Adrián Roig , Alessia Annibale , Miguel A. Muñoz

Existing formalisms for the algebraic specification and representation of networks of reversible agents suffer some shortcomings. Despite multiple attempts, reversible declensions of the Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS) do not offer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Clément Aubert , Doriana Medić

This paper develops a stochastic programming framework for multi-agent systems where task decomposition, assignment, and scheduling problems are simultaneously optimized. The framework can be applied to heterogeneous mobile robot teams with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Bo Fu , William Smith , Denise Rizzo , Matthew Castanier , Maani Ghaffari , Kira Barton

HTTP underpins modern Internet services, and providers enforce quotas to regulate HTTP API traffic for scalability and reliability. When requests exceed quotas, clients are throttled and must retry. Server-side enforcement protects the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Behrooz Farkiani , Fan Liu , Patrick Crowley

We consider the computation of resilient controllers for perturbed non-linear dynamical systems w.r.t. linear-time temporal logic specifications. We address this problem through the paradigm of Abstraction-Based Controller Design (ABCD)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-17 Stanly Samuel , Kaushik Mallik , Anne-Kathrin Schmuck , Daniel Neider

Large language models are increasingly deployed as *deep agents* that plan, maintain persistent state, and invoke external tools, shifting safety failures from unsafe text to unsafe *trajectories*. We introduce **AgentFence**, an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Sai Puppala , Ismail Hossain , Md Jahangir Alam , Yoonpyo Lee , Jay Yoo , Tanzim Ahad , Syed Bahauddin Alam , Sajedul Talukder

High-speed multi-agent autonomous racing demands robust spatiotemporal planning and precise control under strict computational limits. Current methods often oversimplify interactions or abandon strict kinematic constraints. We resolve this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mingyi Zhang , Cheng Hu , Yiqin Wang , Haotong Qin , Hongye Su , Lei Xie

Agentic AI marks an important transition from single-step generative models to systems capable of reasoning, planning, acting, and adapting over long-lasting tasks. By integrating memory, tool use, and iterative decision cycles, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Sahaya Jestus Lazer , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Elisa Bertino

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) has emerged as a de facto standard for integrating Large Language Models with external tools, yet no formal security analysis of the protocol specification exists. We present the first rigorous security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Narek Maloyan , Dmitry Namiot

An agentic-AI runtime issues tool calls, sends messages, and actuates devices on behalf of an LLM. Catching the four ways an action can diverge from its audit record -- F1 gate-bypass, F2 audit-forgery, silent host failure, F4 wrong-target,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Alfredo Metere

Structured-workflow agents driven by large language models execute tool calls against sensitive external environments. We propose \codename, a telemetry-driven behavioral anomaly detection firewall. Drawing on sequence-based intrusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Hung Dang

Modern AI agents execute real-world side effects through tool calls such as file operations, shell commands, HTTP requests, and database queries. A single unsafe action, including accidental deletion, credential exposure, or data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Chenglin Yang

Current LLM agents operate under an implicit but universal assumption: execution is a transaction -- the user submits a request, the agent works in isolation, and only upon completion does the dialogue resume. This forces users into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhiyuan Zhai , Ming Li , Xin Wang

Tool-augmented LLM agents call APIs whose intermediate outputs, such as presigned URLs, session tokens, and OAuth state parameters, are observation contracts: artifacts whose later use is constrained by the external system that produced…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jicheng Wang , Yifeng He , Zili Wang , Hanwen Xing , Arkaprava De , Hao Chen

We introduce Conflict-Aware Replicated Data Types (CARDs). CARDs are significantly more expressive than Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) as they support operations that can conflict with each other. Introducing conflicting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-27 Nicholas V. Lewchenko , Arjun Radhakrishna , Akash Gaonkar , Pavol Černý

Agent communication remains a foundational problem in multi-agent systems: protocols such as FIPA-ACL guarantee semantic richness but are intractable for constrained environments, while lightweight IoT protocols achieve efficiency at the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Arnab Mallick , Indraveni Chebolu