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An invariant random subgroup $H \leq G$ is a random closed subgroup whose law is invariant to conjugation by all elements of $G$. When $G$ is locally compact and second countable, we show that for every invariant random subgroup $H \leq G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Ian Biringer , Omer Tamuz

Let $X$ and $\mathfrak{a}$ be an affine scheme and (respectively) a finite-dimensional associative algebra over an algebraically-closed field $\Bbbk$, both equipped with actions by a linearly-reductive linear algebraic group $G$. We…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Alexandru Chirvasitu

Many learning problems involve symmetries, and while invariance can be built into neural architectures, it can also emerge implicitly when training on group-structured data. We study this phenomenon in classical Hopfield networks and show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Michael Murray , Tenzin Chan , Kedar Karhadker , Christopher J. Hillar

The study of $G$-equivariant operators is of great interest to explain and understand the architecture of neural networks. In this paper we show that each linear $G$-equivariant operator can be produced by a suitable permutant measure,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-11 Giovanni Bocchi , Stefano Botteghi , Martina Brasini , Patrizio Frosini , Nicola Quercioli

Geometric Invariant Theory gives a method for constructing quotients for group actions on algebraic varieties which in many cases appear as moduli spaces parametrizing isomorphism classes of geometric objects (vector bundles, polarized…

alg-geom · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Igor V. Dolgachev , Yi Hu

Invariance and equivariance to geometrical transformations have proven to be very useful inductive biases when training (convolutional) neural network models, especially in the low-data regime. Much work has focused on the case where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Mircea Mironenco , Patrick Forré

Let $E_G$ be a $\Gamma$--equivariant algebraic principal $G$--bundle over a normal complex affine variety $X$ equipped with an action of $\Gamma$, where $G$ and $\Gamma$ are complex linear algebraic groups. Suppose $X$ is contractible as a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Indranil Biswas , Arijit Dey , Mainak Poddar

Suppose that G is a finite, unitary reflection group acting on a complex vector space V and X is the fixed point subspace of an element of G. Define N to be the setwise stabilizer of X in G, Z to be the pointwise stabilizer, and C=N/Z. Then…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-22 Nils Amend , Angela Berardinelli , J. Matthew Douglass , Gerhard Roehrle

To any Hamiltonian action of a reductive algebraic group $G$ on a smooth irreducible symplectic variety $X$ we associate certain combinatorial invariants: Cartan space, Weyl group, weight and root lattices. For cotangent bundles our…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2009-05-30 Ivan V. Losev

Let G be a finite group. We study the group of G-equivariant self-homotopy equivalences of product of G-spaces. For a product of n-spaces, we represent it as product of n-subgroups under the assumption of equivariant reducibility. Further…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-06-03 Gopal Chandra Dutta , Debasis Sen , Ajay Singh Thakur

Equivariance of neural networks to transformations helps to improve their performance and reduce generalization error in computer vision tasks, as they apply to datasets presenting symmetries (e.g. scalings, rotations, translations). The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Mateus Sangalli , Samy Blusseau , Santiago Velasco-Forero , Jesus Angulo

We approach the well-studied problem of supervised group invariant and equivariant machine learning from the point of view of geometric topology. We propose a novel approach using a pre-processing step, which involves projecting the input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Benjamin Aslan , Daniel Platt , David Sheard

Functions which are equivariant or invariant under the transformations of a compact linear group $G$ acting in an euclidean space $\real^n$, can profitably be studied as functions defined in the orbit space of the group. The orbit space is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Sartori , G. Valente

Image processing problems in general, and in particular in the field of single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, often require considering images up to their rotations and translations. Such problems were tackled successfully when…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-04 Tamir Bendory , Ido Hadi , Nir Sharon

We study equivariant projective compactifications of reductive groups obtained by closing the image of a group in the space of operators of a projective representation. We describe the structure and the mutual position of their orbits under…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Dmitri A. Timashev

Let (G, X) be a transformation group where the group $G$ does not necessarily act freely on the space X. We investigate the extent to which the action of G may fail to be proper. Stability subgroups are used to define new notions of…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2011-11-21 Robert Archbold , Astrid an Huef

Reductive Lie Groups, such as the orthogonal groups, the Lorentz group, or the unitary groups, play essential roles across scientific fields as diverse as high energy physics, quantum mechanics, quantum chromodynamics, molecular dynamics,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-02 Ilyes Batatia , Mario Geiger , Jose Munoz , Tess Smidt , Lior Silberman , Christoph Ortner

Given any Euclidean ordered field, $Q$, and any 'reasonable' group, $G$, of (1+3)-dimensional spacetime symmetries, we show how to construct a model $M_{G}$ of kinematics for which the set $W$ of worldview transformations between inertial…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Judit X. Madarász , Mike Stannett , Gergely Székely

We extend the methods of geometric invariant theory to actions of non--reductive groups in the case of homomorphisms between decomposable sheaves whose automorphism groups are non--reductive. Given a linearization of the natural action of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 J. M. Drezet , G. Trautmann

Group equivariant neural networks have proven effective in modelling a wide range of tasks where the data lives in a classical geometric space and exhibits well-defined group symmetries. However, these networks are not suitable for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Edward Pearce-Crump