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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in Register Transfer Level (RTL) design, enabling high-quality code generation from natural language descriptions. However, LLMs alone face significant limitations in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ahmed Allam , Youssef Mansour , Mohamed Shalan

Edge AI deployment faces critical challenges balancing computational performance, energy efficiency, and resource constraints. This paper presents FPGA-accelerated RISC-V instruction set architecture (ISA) extensions for efficient neural…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Arya Parameshwara , Santosh Hanamappa Mokashi

We present a 4-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) utilizing superconductor technology. The ALU serves as the central processing unit of a processor, performing crucial arithmetic and logical operations. We have adopted a bit-parallel…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-12-18 Sasan Razmkhah , Ali Bozbey

Many architects believe that major improvements in cost-energy-performance must now come from domain-specific hardware. This paper evaluates a custom ASIC---called a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)---deployed in datacenters since 2015 that…

Whilst numerous areas of computing have adopted the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) wholesale in recent years, it is yet to become widespread in HPC. RISC-V accelerators offer a compelling option where the HPC community can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Nick Brown , Jake Davies , Felix LeClair

Deep neural networks are widely deployed in many fields. Due to the in-situ computation (known as processing in memory) capacity of the Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) crossbar, ReRAM-based accelerator shows potential in accelerating…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Chenguang Zhang , Zhihang Yuan , Xingchen Li , Guangyu Sun

The growth of data to be processed in the Oil & Gas industry matches the requirements imposed by evolving algorithms based on stencil computations, such as Full Waveform Inversion and Reverse Time Migration. Graphical processing units…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Vitor Hugo Mickus Rodrigues , Lucas Cavalcante , Maelso Bruno Pereira , Fabio Luporini , István Reguly , Gerard Gorman , Samuel Xavier de Souza

Designing of microprocessor based controllers requires specific hardware as well as software programming. Programming depends upon type of the software whether operating software or application software. Programming requires knowledge of…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Jaswinder Singh Dilawari , Gurpreet Singh Sandhu

Large language models (LLMs) are adopted for software and hardware design, yet these domains are still evaluated separately. Software benchmarks typically assume fixed hardware targets, while hardware benchmarks focus on component-level…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Pei-Huan Tsai , Kuan-Lin Chiu , William Baisi , Pin-Yu Chen , Luca P. Carloni

The ability to collect statistics about the execution of a program within a CPU is of the utmost importance across all fields of computing since it allows characterizing the timing performance of a program. This capability is even more…

In this work, we present the design and evaluation of a Processor Tracing System compliant with the RISC-V Efficient Trace specification for Instruction Branch Tracing. We integrate our system into the host domain of a state-of-the-art edge…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Umberto Laghi , Simone Manoni , Emanuele Parisi , Andrea Bartolini

Quantum circuits utilizing real time feedback techniques (such as active reset and mid-circuit measurement) are a powerful tool for NISQ-era quantum computing. Such techniques are crucial for implementing error correction protocols, and can…

As spiking-based deep learning inference applications are increasing in embedded systems, these systems tend to integrate neuromorphic accelerators such as $\mu$Brain to improve energy efficiency. We propose a $\mu$Brain-based scalable…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-24 M. Lakshmi Varshika , Adarsha Balaji , Federico Corradi , Anup Das , Jan Stuijt , Francky Catthoor

We present TTC, an open-source parallel compiler for multidimensional tensor transpositions. In order to generate high-performance C++ code, TTC explores a number of optimizations, including software prefetching, blocking, loop-reordering,…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2016-03-09 Paul Springer , Jeff R. Hammond , Paolo Bientinesi

The growing demand for efficient, high-performance processing in machine learning (ML) and image processing has made hardware accelerators, such as GPUs and Data Streaming Accelerators (DSAs), increasingly essential. These accelerators…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Qunyou Liu , Marina Zapater , David Atienza

Planning under uncertainty for real-world robotics tasks, such as autonomous driving, requires reasoning in enormous high-dimensional belief spaces, rendering the problem computationally intensive. While parallelization offers scalability,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xuanjin Jin , Yanxin Dong , Bin Sun , Huan Xu , Zhihui Hao , XianPeng Lang , Panpan Cai

Processors using the open RISC-V ISA are finding increasing adoption in the embedded world. Many embedded use cases have real-time constraints and require flexible, predictable, and fast reactive handling of incoming events. However, RISC-…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Robert Balas , Alessandro Ottaviano , Luca Benini

The RISC-V "V" extension introduces vector processing to the RISC-V architecture. Unlike most SIMD extensions, it supports long vectors which can result in significant improvement of multiple applications. In this paper, we present our…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Sonia Rani Gupta , Nikela Papadopoulou , Miquel Pericàs

Analog circuit design consists of the pre-layout and layout phases. Among them, the pre-layout phase directly decides the final circuit performance, but heavily depends on experienced engineers to do manual design according to specific…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Chengjie Liu , Jiajia Li , Yabing Feng , Wenhao Huang , Weiyu Chen , Yuan Du , Jun Yang , Li Du

The customizability of RISC-V makes it an attractive choice for accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs). It can be achieved through instruction set extensions and corresponding custom functional units. Yet, efficiently exploiting these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Muhammad Sabih , Abrarul Karim , Jakob Wittmann , Frank Hannig , Jürgen Teich