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We propose a two-factor authentication (2FA) mechanism called 2D-2FA to address security and usability issues in existing methods. 2D-2FA has three distinguishing features: First, after a user enters a username and password on a login…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Maliheh Shirvanian , Shashank Agrawal

The proliferation of sensitive information being stored online highlights the pressing need for secure and efficient user authentication methods. To address this issue, this paper presents a novel zero-effort two-factor authentication (2FA)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Ali Abdullah S. AlQahtani , Thamraa Alshayeb

User authentication can rely on various factors (e.g., a password, a cryptographic key, biometric data) but should not reveal any secret or private information. This seemingly paradoxical feat can be achieved through zero-knowledge proofs.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Laurent Chuat , Sarah Plocher , Adrian Perrig

Multi-Factor Authentication is intended to strengthen the security of password-based authentication by adding another factor, such as hardware tokens or one-time passwords using mobile apps. However, this increased authentication security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Sabrina Amft , Sandra Höltervennhoff , Nicolas Huaman , Alexander Krause , Lucy Simko , Yasemin Acar , Sascha Fahl

As people store more personal data in their smartphones, the consequences of having it stolen or lost become an increasing concern. A typical counter-measure to avoid this risk is to set up a secret code that has to be entered to unlock the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2015-06-03 Diogo Marques , Luís Carriço , Tiago Guerreiro

Augmented Reality (AR) technology creates new immersive experiences in entertainment, games, education, retail, and social media. AR content is often primarily visual and it is challenging to enable access to it non-visually due to the mix…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Jaylin Herskovitz , Jason Wu , Samuel White , Amy Pavel , Gabriel Reyes , Anhong Guo , Jeffrey P. Bigham

This paper addresses the limited attention given to blind users as content creators in Content Management Systems (CMS), a gap that remains under-explored in web accessibility research. For blind authors, effective interaction with CMS…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Guillermo Vera-Amaro , José Rafael Rojano-Cáceres

Choosing authentication schemes for a specific purpose is challenging for service providers, developers, and researchers. Previous ratings of technical and objective aspects showed that available schemes all have strengths and limitations.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Verena Zimmermann , Paul Gerber , Alina Stöver

Password security can no longer provide enough security in the area of remote user authentication. Considering this security drawback, researchers are trying to find solution with multifactor remote user authentication system. Recently,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Hossen Asiful Mustafa , Hasan Muhammad Kafi

Blind people are often called to contribute image data to datasets for AI innovation with the hope for future accessibility and inclusion. Yet, the visual inspection of the contributed images is inaccessible. To this day, we lack mechanisms…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Rie Kamikubo , Farnaz Zamiri Zeraati , Kyungjun Lee , Hernisa Kacorri

One-time login process in conventional authentication systems does not guarantee that the identified user is the actual user throughout the session. However, it is necessary to re-verify the user identity periodically throughout a login…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Abbas Acar , Hidayet Aksu , A. Selcuk Uluagac , Kemal Akkaya

Security vulnerabilities of traditional single factor authentication has become a major concern for security practitioners and researchers. To mitigate single point failures, new and technologically advanced Multi-Factor Authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Sanchari Das , Bingxing Wang , Zachary Tingle , L. Jean Camp

Access to textual and visual information for visually impaired persons becomes very difficult with screen readers which are not adapted to different websites.This paper analyses the use of different technologies for access digital content…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Katerine Romeo , Edwige Pissaloux , Frédéric Serin

User authentication is one of the most important part of information security. Computer security most commonly depends on passwords to authenticate human users. Password authentication systems will be either been usable but not secure, or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-11-19 Gloriya Mathew , Shiney Thomas

Recent studies have shown how motion-based biometrics can be used as a form of user authentication and identification without requiring any human cooperation. This category of behavioural biometrics deals with the features we learn in our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Akriti Verma , Valeh Moghaddam , Adnan Anwar

Authentication and authorization are critical security layers to protect a wide range of online systems, services and content. However, the increased prevalence of wearable and mobile devices, the expectations of a frictionless experience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Tim Van hamme , Vera Rimmer , Davy Preuveneers , Wouter Joosen , Mustafa A. Mustafa , Aysajan Abidin , Enrique Argones Rúa

Situational awareness is a critical foundation for the protection of human life/properties and is challenging to maintain for people with disabilities (i.e., visual impairments and limited mobility). In this paper, we present a dialog…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Shahinur Alam , Md Sultan Mahmud , Mohammed Yeasin

The Global South faces unique challenges in achieving digital inclusion due to a heavy reliance on mobile devices for internet access and the prevalence of slow or unreliable networks. While numerous studies have investigated web…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Masudul Hasan Masud Bhuiyan , Matteo Varvello , Cristian-Alexandru Staicu , Yasir Zaki

In the era of pervasive cyber threats and exponential growth in digital services, the inadequacy of single-factor authentication has become increasingly evident. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), which combines knowledge-based factors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Abdelilah Ganmati , Karim Afdel , Lahcen Koutti

Extended Reality (XR) technologies are becoming integral to daily life. However, password-based authentication in XR disrupts immersion due to poor usability, as entering credentials with XR controllers is cumbersome and error-prone. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Matin Fallahi , Patricia Arias-Cabarcos , Thorsten Strufe