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These are lecture notes on the algebraic approach to regular languages. The classical algebraic approach is for finite words; it uses semigroups instead of automata. However, the algebraic approach can be extended to structures beyond…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Mikołaj Bojańczyk

The study of the structure of infinite words having bounded abelian complexity was initiated by G. Richomme, K. Saari, and L. Q. Zamboni. In this note we define bounded additive complexity for infinite words over a finite subset of Z^m. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-26 Hayri Ardal , Tom Brown , Veselin Jungić , Julian Sahasrabudhe

A superredundant clause is a clause that is redundant in the resolution closure of a formula. The converse concept of superirredundancy ensures membership of the clause in all minimal CNF formulae that are equivalent to the given one. This…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Paolo Liberatore

Rich words are characterized by containing the maximum possible number of distinct palindromes. Several characteristic properties of rich words have been studied; yet the analysis of repetitions in rich words still involves some interesting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-15 Aseem Raj Baranwal , Jeffrey Shallit

Words are sequences of letters over a finite alphabet. We study two intimately related topics for this object: quasi-randomness and limit theory. With respect to the first topic we investigate the notion of uniform distribution of letters…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-01 Hiêp Hàn , Marcos Kiwi , Matías Pavez-Signé

We present an algorithm that takes an unannotated corpus as its input, and returns a ranked list of probable morphologically related pairs as its output. The algorithm tries to discover morphologically related pairs by looking for pairs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Marco Baroni , Johannes Matiasek , Harald Trost

We investigate the scattered palindromic subwords in a finite word. We start by characterizing the words with the least number of scattered palindromic subwords. Then, we give an upper bound for the total number of palindromic subwords in a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Kalpana Mahalingam , Palak Pandoh

In this paper we prove that for any infinite word W whose set of factors is closed under reversal, the following conditions are equivalent: (I) all complete returns to palindromes are palindromes; (II) P(n) + P(n+1) = C(n+1) - C(n) + 2 for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-04-08 Michelangelo Bucci , Alessandro De Luca , Amy Glen , Luca Q. Zamboni

We develop the technique of reduced word manipulation to give a range of results concerning reduced words and permutations more generally. We prove a broad connection between pattern containment and reduced words, which specializes to our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-24 Bridget Eileen Tenner

We study word reconstruction problems. Improving a previous result by P. Fleischmann, M. Lejeune, F. Manea, D. Nowotka and M. Rigo, we prove that, for any unknown word $w$ of length $n$ over an alphabet of cardinality $k$, $w$ can be…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Gwenaël Richomme , Matthieu Rosenfeld

To any infinite word w over a finite alphabet A we can associate two infinite words min(w) and max(w) such that any prefix of min(w) (resp. max(w)) is the lexicographically smallest (resp. greatest) amongst the factors of w of the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-16 Amy Glen

We discuss a topological approach to words introduced by the author. Words on an arbitrary alphabet are approximated by Gauss words and then studied up to natural modifications inspired by the Reidemeister moves on knot diagrams. This leads…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Turaev

We introduce generalizations of powers and factor complexity via orbits of group actions. These generalizations include concepts like abelian powers and abelian complexity. It is shown that this notion of factor complexity cannot be used to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-01 John Machacek

The theorem of factorisation forests shows the existence of nested factorisations -- a la Ramsey -- for finite words. This theorem has important applications in semigroup theory, and beyond. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thomas Colcombet

Trapezoidal words are words having at most $n+1$ distinct factors of length $n$ for every $n\ge 0$. They therefore encompass finite Sturmian words. We give combinatorial characterizations of trapezoidal words and exhibit a formula for their…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-22 Michelangelo Bucci , Alessandro De Luca , Gabriele Fici

Recently the Fibonacci word $W$ on an infinite alphabet was introduced by [Zhang et al., Electronic J. Combinatorics 24-2 (2017) #P2.52] as a fixed point of the morphism $\phi: (2i) \mapsto (2i)(2i+ 1),\ (2i+ 1) \mapsto (2i+ 2)$ over all $i…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-29 Amy Glen , Jamie Simpson , W. F. Smyth

The article focuses on word (or string) attractors, which are sets of positions related to the text compression efficiency of the underlying word. The article presents two combinatorial algorithms based on Suffix automata or Directed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Marie-Pierre Béal , Maxime Crochemore , Giuseppe Romana

We exhibit the construction of a deterministic automaton that, given k > 0, recognizes the (regular) language of k-differentiable words. Our approach follows a scheme of Crochemore et al. based on minimal forbidden words. We extend this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Jean-Marc Fédou , Gabriele Fici

This work investigates the algorithmic complexity of non-classical logics, focusing on superintuitionistic and modal systems. It is shown that propositional logics are usually polynomial-time reducible to their fragments with at most two…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mikhail Rybakov

This paper is the extended version of On the Complexity of Infinite Advice Strings (ICALP 2018). We investigate a notion of comparison between infinite strings. In a general way, if M is a computation model (e.g. Turing machines) and C a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Gaëtan Douéneau-Tabot