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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, trained via flow-matching or diffusion objectives, excel at learning complex behaviors from large-scale, multi-modal datasets (e.g., human teleoperation, scripted policies). However, since VLAs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Siyuan Yang , Yang Zhang , Haoran He , Ling Pan , Xiu Li , Chenjia Bai , Xuelong Li

Most modern approaches in temporal action localization divide this problem into two parts: (i) short-term feature extraction and (ii) long-range temporal boundary localization. Due to the high GPU memory cost caused by processing long…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Feng Cheng , Gedas Bertasius

Hierarchical Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have rapidly become a dominant paradigm for robotic manipulation. It typically comprising a Vision-Language backbone for perception and understanding, together with a generative policy for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zaijing Li , Bing Hu , Rui Shao , Gongwei Chen , Dongmei Jiang , Pengwei Xie , Jianye Hao , Liqiang Nie

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer promising capabilities for autonomous driving through multimodal understanding. However, their utilization in safety-critical scenarios is constrained by inherent limitations, including imprecise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yiru Wang , Zichong Gu , Yu Gao , Anqing Jiang , Zhigang Sun , Shuo Wang , Yuwen Heng , Hao Sun

Despite significant advances in Vision Language Models (VLMs), they remain constrained by the complexity and redundancy of visual input. When images contain large amounts of irrelevant information, VLMs are susceptible to interference, thus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Xinyu Zhang , Yuxuan Dong , Lingling Zhang , Chengyou Jia , Zhuohang Dang , Basura Fernando , Jun Liu , Mike Zheng Shou

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies are typically deployed with asynchronous inference: the robot executes a previously predicted action chunk while the model computes the next one. This creates a prediction-execution misalignment: the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yixiang Zhu , Yonghao Chen , Rui Meng , Jingyu Guo , Jiaxiang Zou , Zijie Yang , Taowen Wang , Xinyu Chen

Surgical Video Question Answering (VideoQA) requires accurate temporal grounding while remaining robust to natural variation in how clinicians phrase questions, where linguistic bias can arise. Standard Parameter Efficient Fine Tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Luca Carlini , Chiara Lena , Cesare Hassan , Danail Stoyanov , Elena De Momi , Sophia Bano , Mobarak I. Hoque

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models adapt large vision-language backbones to map images and instructions into robot actions. However, prevailing VLAs either generate actions auto-regressively in a fixed left-to-right order or attach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zhixuan Liang , Yizhuo Li , Tianshuo Yang , Chengyue Wu , Sitong Mao , Tian Nian , Liuao Pei , Shunbo Zhou , Xiaokang Yang , Jiangmiao Pang , Yao Mu , Ping Luo

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP achieve strong zero-shot recognition by comparing image embeddings to text-derived class prototypes. However, under domain shift, they suffer from feature drift, class-prior mismatch, and severe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Byunghyun Kim

General-purpose robots must master long-horizon manipulation, defined as tasks involving multiple kinematic structure changes (e.g., attaching or detaching objects) in unstructured environments. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yue Yang , Shuo Cheng , Yu Fang , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Mingyu Ding , Gedas Bertasius , Daniel Szafir

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate that visual signals can effectively complement sparse action supervisions. However, letting VLA directly predict high-dimensional visual states can distribute model capacity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yi Yang , Xueqi Li , Yiyang Chen , Jin Song , Yihan Wang , Zipeng Xiao , Jiadi Su , You Qiaoben , Pengfei Liu , Zhijie Deng

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models achieve remarkable flexibility and generalization beyond classical control paradigms. However, most prevailing VLAs are trained under a single-frame observation paradigm, which leaves them structurally…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yanyan Zhang , Chaoda Song , Vikash Singh , Xinpeng Li , Kai Ye , Zhe Hu , Zhongzhu Pu , Yu Yin , Vipin Chaudhary

Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models equipped with Flow Matching (FM) action heads achieve state-of-the-art performance in complex robot manipulation. However, the multi-step iterative ODE solving required by FM introduces inference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhou Fang , Jiaqi Wang , Yi Zhou , Qiongfeng Shi

Improving embodied reasoning in multimodal-large-language models (MLLMs) is essential for building vision-language-action models (VLAs) on top of them to readily translate multimodal understanding into low-level actions. Accordingly, recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Dongyoung Kim , Sumin Park , Woomin Song , Seungku Kim , Taeyoung Kim , Huiwon Jang , Jinwoo Shin , Jaehyung Kim , Younggyo Seo

Although we have witnessed great success of pre-trained models in natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV), limited progress has been made for general time series analysis. Unlike NLP and CV where a unified model can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Tian Zhou , PeiSong Niu , Xue Wang , Liang Sun , Rong Jin

Pretrained vision foundation models deliver strong performance across tasks with limited fine-tuning. However, their Vision Transformer (ViT) backbones impose high inference costs, limiting deployment on resource-constrained devices. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Carmelo Scribano , Mohammad Mahdi , Nedyalko Prisadnikov , Yuqian Fu , Giorgia Franchini , Danda Pani Paudel , Marko Bertogna , Luc Van Gool

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful framework that unifies perception, language, and control, enabling robots to perform diverse tasks through multimodal understanding. However, current VLA models typically…

Current research on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predominantly focuses on enhancing generalization through established reasoning techniques. While effective, these improvements invariably increase computational complexity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci

Event cameras offer unique advantages for vision tasks in challenging environments, yet processing asynchronous event streams remains an open challenge. While existing methods rely on specialized architectures or resource-intensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ruihao Xia , Junhong Cai , Luziwei Leng , Liuyi Wang , Chengju Liu , Ran Cheng , Yang Tang , Pan Zhou

We introduce Latent Action Pretraining for general Action models (LAPA), an unsupervised method for pretraining Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models without ground-truth robot action labels. Existing Vision-Language-Action models require…