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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made impressive progress in connecting vision and language, but they still struggle with spatial understanding and viewpoint-aware reasoning. Recent efforts aim to augment the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Kevin Qu , Haozhe Qi , Mihai Dusmanu , Mahdi Rad , Rui Wang , Marc Pollefeys

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) requires vision-language models to reason not only about what information in a document is relevant to a question, but also where the answer is grounded on the page. Existing DocVQA models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Kjetil Indrehus , Adrian Duric , Changkyu Choi , Ali Ramezani-Kebrya

Large language models (LLMs) excel at single-turn reasoning but often lose accuracy and coherence over extended, multi-turn interactions. Recent evaluations such as TurnBench highlight recurring failure modes-reasoning bias, task drift,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yiran Zhang , Jincheng Hu , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

Predicting cancer treatment outcomes requires models that are both accurate and interpretable, particularly in the presence of heterogeneous clinical data. While large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance in biomedical NLP,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Raghu Vamshi Hemadri , Geetha Krishna Guruju , Kristi Topollai , Anna Ewa Choromanska

Despite impressive advancements in Visual-Language Models (VLMs) for multi-modal tasks, their reliance on RGB inputs limits precise spatial understanding. Existing methods for integrating spatial cues, such as point clouds or depth, either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yang Liu , Ming Ma , Xiaomin Yu , Pengxiang Ding , Han Zhao , Mingyang Sun , Siteng Huang , Donglin Wang

In recent years, the use of multi-modal pre-trained Transformers has led to significant advancements in visually-rich document understanding. However, existing models have mainly focused on features such as text and vision while neglecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Qiwei Li , Zuchao Li , Xiantao Cai , Bo Du , Hai Zhao

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong capabilities in document understanding, particularly in identifying and extracting textual information from complex documents. Despite this, accurately localizing answers within documents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Alessio Chen , Simone Giovannini , Andrea Gemelli , Fabio Coppini , Simone Marinai

3D Visual Grounding (3DVG) focuses on locating objects in 3D scenes based on natural language descriptions, serving as a fundamental task for embodied AI and robotics. Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Beining Xu , Siting Zhu , Zhao Jin , Junxian Li , Hesheng Wang

Compositional visual reasoning has emerged as a key research frontier in multimodal AI, aiming to endow machines with the human-like ability to decompose visual scenes, ground intermediate concepts, and perform multi-step logical inference.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Fucai Ke , Joy Hsu , Zhixi Cai , Zixian Ma , Xin Zheng , Xindi Wu , Sukai Huang , Weiqing Wang , Pari Delir Haghighi , Gholamreza Haffari , Ranjay Krishna , Jiajun Wu , Hamid Rezatofighi

Bridging clinical diagnostic reasoning with AI remains a central challenge in medical imaging. We introduce MedCLM, an automated pipeline that converts detection datasets into large-scale medical visual question answering (VQA) data with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Soo Yong Kim , Suin Cho , Vincent-Daniel Yun , Gyeongyeon Hwang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in multimodal understanding, yet their capabilities for scientific reasoning remain inadequately assessed. Current multimodal benchmarks predominantly evaluate generic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ai Jian , Weijie Qiu , Xiaokun Wang , Peiyu Wang , Yunzhuo Hao , Jiangbo Pei , Yichen Wei , Yi Peng , Xuchen Song

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve complex reasoning tasks by generating intermediate reasoning steps. However, most existing approaches focus on hard token decoding, which constrains reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yige Xu , Xu Guo , Zhiwei Zeng , Chunyan Miao

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) excel at semantic understanding but struggle with fine grained spatial grounding, as the model must implicitly infer complex geometry without ever producing a spatial interpretation. We present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yuchen Li , Amanmeet Garg , Shalini Chaudhuri , Rui Zhao , Garin Kessler

Large language models(LLMs), with their powerful language generation and reasoning capabilities, have already achieved notable success in many domains, e.g., math and code generation. However, they often fall short when tackling real-life…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jie Feng , Tianhui Liu , Yuwei Du , Siqi Guo , Yuming Lin , Yong Li

We present chain-of-knowledge (CoK), a novel framework that augments large language models (LLMs) by dynamically incorporating grounding information from heterogeneous sources. It results in more factual rationales and reduced hallucination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Xingxuan Li , Ruochen Zhao , Yew Ken Chia , Bosheng Ding , Shafiq Joty , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

While large language models (LLMs) leverage both knowledge and reasoning during inference, the capacity to distinguish between them plays a pivotal role in model analysis, interpretability, and development. Inspired by dual-system cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Mutian Yang , Jiandong Gao , Ji Wu

Recent advancements in language-model-based video understanding have been progressing at a remarkable pace, spurred by the introduction of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the focus of prior research has been predominantly on devising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Yizhou Wang , Ruiyi Zhang , Haoliang Wang , Uttaran Bhattacharya , Yun Fu , Gang Wu

With the advent of large language models(LLMs) enhanced by the chain-of-thought(CoT) methodology, visual reasoning problem is usually decomposed into manageable sub-tasks and tackled sequentially with various external tools. However, such a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Timin Gao , Peixian Chen , Mengdan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Yunhang Shen , Yan Zhang , Shengchuan Zhang , Xiawu Zheng , Xing Sun , Liujuan Cao , Rongrong Ji

Accurate document layout analysis is a key requirement for high-quality PDF document conversion. With the recent availability of public, large ground-truth datasets such as PubLayNet and DocBank, deep-learning models have proven to be very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Birgit Pfitzmann , Christoph Auer , Michele Dolfi , Ahmed S Nassar , Peter W J Staar

Reasoning lies at the heart of intelligence, shaping the ability to make decisions, draw conclusions, and generalize across domains. In artificial intelligence, as systems increasingly operate in open, uncertain, and multimodal…