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Large vision-language models (VLMs) have evolved from general-purpose applications to specialized use cases such as in the clinical domain, demonstrating potential for decision support in radiology. One promising application is assisting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zhifan Jiang , Dong Yang , Vishwesh Nath , Abhijeet Parida , Nishad P. Kulkarni , Ziyue Xu , Daguang Xu , Syed Muhammad Anwar , Holger R. Roth , Marius George Linguraru

The surroundings of a cancerous tumor impact how it grows and develops in humans. New data from early breast cancer patients contains information on the collagen fibers surrounding the tumorous tissue -- offering hope of finding additional…

Applications · Statistics 2022-06-30 Sean Kent , Menggang Yu

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The critical reason for the deaths is delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. With the accelerated development of deep learning techniques, it has been successfully applied…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-15 Yujiao Wu , Jie Ma , Xiaoshui Huang , Sai Ho Ling , Steven Weidong Su

Medical image-to-image (I2I) translation enables virtual scanning, i.e. the synthesis of a target imaging modality from a source one without additional acquisitions. Despite growing interest, most proposed methods operate on 2D slices, are…

Lung cancer is a devastating disease with the highest mortality rate among cancer types. Over 60% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, which accounts for 87% of diagnoses, require radiation therapy. Rapid treatment initiation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Hamed Hooshangnejad , Xue Feng , Gaofeng Huang , Rui Zhang , Katelyn Kelly , Quan Chen , Kai Ding

Breast cancer screening, primarily conducted through mammography, is often supplemented with ultrasound for women with dense breast tissue. However, existing deep learning models analyze each modality independently, missing opportunities to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-16 Yiqiu Shen , Jungkyu Park , Frank Yeung , Eliana Goldberg , Laura Heacock , Farah Shamout , Krzysztof J. Geras

Machine learning models have utilized semantic features, deep features, or both to assess lung nodule malignancy. However, their reliance on manual annotation during inference, limited interpretability, and sensitivity to imaging variations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Luoting Zhuang , Seyed Mohammad Hossein Tabatabaei , Ramin Salehi-Rad , Linh M. Tran , Denise R. Aberle , Ashley E. Prosper , William Hsu

The use of high-fidelity computational simulations promises to enable high-throughput hypothesis testing and optimisation of cancer therapies. However, increasing realism comes at the cost of increasing computational requirements. This…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Richard J. Preen , Larry Bull , Andrew Adamatzky

The global demand for radiologists is increasing rapidly due to a growing reliance on medical imaging services, while the supply of radiologists is not keeping pace. Advances in computer vision and image processing technologies present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Shehroz S. Khan , Petar Przulj , Ahmed Ashraf , Ali Abedi

We investigate the dynamics of a nonlinear system modeling tumor growth with drug application. The tumor is viewed as a mixture consisting of proliferating, quiescent and dead cells as well as a nutrient in the presence of a drug. The…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-22 Donatella Donatelli , Konstantina Trivisa

We propose a Vision-Language Transformer (VLT) framework for referring segmentation to facilitate deep interactions among multi-modal information and enhance the holistic understanding to vision-language features. There are different ways…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Henghui Ding , Chang Liu , Suchen Wang , Xudong Jiang

Characterization of lung nodules as benign or malignant is one of the most important tasks in lung cancer diagnosis, staging and treatment planning. While the variation in the appearance of the nodules remains large, there is a need for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Sarfaraz Hussein , Robert Gillies , Kunlin Cao , Qi Song , Ulas Bagci

This work presents a preliminary evaluation of the use of the convolutional neural network nnU-NET to automatically contour the volume of Glioblastoma Multiforme in medical images of patients. The goal is to assist the preparation of the…

Purpose. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is characterized by pronounced biological and spatial heterogeneity and is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by delayed primary surgery…

Cell-level dense prediction is central to computational pathology, but remains challenging due to fine-grained histological structures, strong domain shifts, and costly dense annotations. Existing ViT-based pathology foundation models rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weiming Chen , Xitong Ling , Zhenyang Cai , Xidong Wang , Jiawen Li , Tian Guan , Benyou Wang , Yonghong He

Recently, intelligent analysis of lung nodules with the assistant of computer aided detection (CAD) techniques can improve the accuracy rate of lung cancer diagnosis. However, existing CAD systems and pulmonary datasets mainly focus on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-27 Muwei Jian , Haoran Zhang , Mingju Shao , Hongyu Chen , Huihui Huang , Yanjie Zhong , Changlei Zhang , Bin Wang , Penghui Gao

The early detection of glottic carcinoma is critical for improving patient outcomes, as it enables timely intervention, preserves vocal function, and significantly reduces the risk of tumor progression and metastasis. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Zhaohui Jin , Yi Shuai , Yongcheng Li , Lingcong Cai , Yun Li , Huifen Liu , Xiaomao Fan

Scarcity of annotated data, particularly for rare or atypical morphologies, present significant challenges for cell and nuclei segmentation in computational pathology. While manual annotation is labor-intensive and costly, synthetic data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Dominik Winter , Mai Bui , Monica Azqueta Gavaldon , Nicolas Triltsch , Marco Rosati , Nicolas Brieu

Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging plays an essential role in contemporary clinical diagnostics. It is increasingly integrated into advanced therapeutic workflows, such as hybrid Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance (PET/MR) imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-17 Jiaxu Zheng , Meiman He , Xuhui Tang , Xiong Wang , Tuoyu Cao , Tianyi Zeng , Lichi Zhang , Chenyu You

Background: This research aims to improve glioblastoma survival prediction by integrating MR images, clinical and molecular-pathologic data in a transformer-based deep learning model, addressing data heterogeneity and performance…