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We describe a novel approach to interpret a polar code as a low-density parity-check (LDPC)-like code with an underlying sparse decoding graph. This sparse graph is based on the encoding factor graph of polar codes and is suitable for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Sebastian Cammerer , Moustafa Ebada , Ahmed Elkelesh , Stephan ten Brink

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes with good parameters are promising candidates for low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computing, but their non-local stabilizers require long-range connectivity and frequent qubit movement,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Swayangprabha Shaw , Narayanan Rengaswamy

Recently, a novel lookup table based decoding method for binary low-density parity-check codes has attracted considerable attention. In this approach, mutual-information maximizing lookup tables replace the conventional operations of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Maximilian Stark , Jan Lewandowsky , Souradip Saha , Gerhard Bauch

Quantum cryptography via key distribution mechanisms that utilize quantum entanglement between sender-receiver pairs will form the basis of future large-scale quantum networks. A key engineering challenge in such networks will be the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-14 Yixuan Xie , Jun Li , Robert Malaney , Jinhong Yuan

In this paper we generalize the notion of low-rank parity check (LRPC) codes by introducing a bilinear product over F^m q based on a generic 3-tensor in Fq^mxmxm, where Fq is the finite field with q elements. The generalized LRPC codes are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Ermes Franch , Philippe Gaborit , Chunlei Li

We study fountain codes transmitted over the binary-input symmetric-output channel. For channels with small capacity, receivers needs to collects many channel outputs to recover information bits. Since a collected channel output yields a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-07-13 Kenta Kasai , Kohichi Sakaniwa

Quantum error correction is the building block for constructing fault-tolerant quantum processors that can operate reliably even if its constituting elements are corrupted by decoherence. In this context, real-time decoding is a necessity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-15 Antonio deMarti iOlius , Josu Etxezarreta Martinez

In this study, the performance of generalized low-density parity-check (GLDPC) codes under the a posteriori probability (APP) decoder is analyzed. We explore the concentration, symmetry, and monotonicity properties of GLDPC codes under the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Dongxu Chang , Qingqing Peng , Zhiming Ma , Guanghui Wang , Dawei Yin

The training complexity of deep learning-based channel decoders scales exponentially with the codebook size and therefore with the number of information bits. Thus, neural network decoding (NND) is currently only feasible for very short…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-23 Sebastian Cammerer , Tobias Gruber , Jakob Hoydis , Stephan ten Brink

This study investigates the problem of learning linear block codes optimized for Belief-Propagation decoders significantly improving performance compared to the state-of-the-art. Our previous research is extended with an enhanced system…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Louis-Adrien Dufrène , Quentin Lampin , Guillaume Larue

An efficient decoder is essential for quantum error correction, and data-driven neural decoders have emerged as promising, flexible solutions. Here, we introduce a diffusion model framework to infer logical errors from syndrome measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Zejun Liu , Anqi Gong , Bryan K. Clark

The problem of low complexity, close to optimal, channel decoding of linear codes with short to moderate block length is considered. It is shown that deep learning methods can be used to improve a standard belief propagation decoder,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Eliya Nachmani , Elad Marciano , Loren Lugosch , Warren J. Gross , David Burshtein , Yair Beery

For finite length polar codes, channel polarization leaves a significant number of channels not fully polarized. Adding a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) to better protect information on the semi-polarized channels has already been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-14 A. Elkelesh , M. Ebada , S. Cammerer , S. ten Brink

The medium-density parity-check (MDPC) code-based Bit Flipping Key Encapsulation (BIKE) mechanism remains a candidate of post-quantum cryptography standardization. The latest version utilizes a new bit-flipping (BF) decoding algorithm,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jiaxuan Cai , Xinmiao Zhang

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computing with considerably reduced overhead compared to the surface code. However, the lack of a practical decoding algorithm remains a barrier to…

Effective iterative decoding of short BCH codes faces two primary challenges: identifying an appropriate parity-check matrix and accelerating decoder convergence. To address these issues, we propose a systematic scheme to derive an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Guangwen Li , Xiao Yu

Quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes are promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum computation due to their high encoding rates and distances. However, implementing logical operations using qLDPC codes presents significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-18 Ze-Chuan Liu , Chong-Yuan Xu , Yong Xu

With the use of belief propagation (BP) decoding algorithm, low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes can achieve near-Shannon limit performance. In order to evaluate the error performance of LDPC codes, simulators running on CPUs are commonly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-30 Yue Zhao , Francis C. M. Lau

Expectation Propagation is a generalization to Belief Propagation (BP) in two ways. First, it can be used with any exponential family distribution over the cliques in the graph. Second, it can impose additional constraints on the marginal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-09-23 Pablo M. Olmos , Juan José Murillo-Fuentes

High-rate concatenated quantum codes offer a promising pathway toward fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet designing efficient decoders that fully exploit their error-correction capability remains a significant challenge. In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Chao Zhang , Zipeng Wu , Jiahui Wu , Shilin Huang
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