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The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with retrieval systems has shown promising potential in retrieving documents (docs) or advertisements (ads) for a given query. Existing LLM-based retrieval methods generate numeric or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Tongtong Liu , Zhaohui Wang , Meiyue Qin , Zenghui Lu , Xudong Chen , Yuekui Yang , Peng Shu

We propose RaDeR, a set of reasoning-based dense retrieval models trained with data derived from mathematical problem solving using large language models (LLMs). Our method leverages retrieval-augmented reasoning trajectories of an LLM and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Debrup Das , Sam O' Nuallain , Razieh Rahimi

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with context fidelity, producing inconsistent answers when responding to questions based on provided information. Existing approaches either rely on expensive supervised fine-tuning to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Suyuchen Wang , Jinlin Wang , Xinyu Wang , Shiqi Li , Xiangru Tang , Sirui Hong , Xiao-Wen Chang , Chenglin Wu , Bang Liu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential to accelerate drug discovery. However, the specialized nature of biochemical data often necessitates costly domain-specific fine-tuning, posing major challenges.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Namkyeong Lee , Edward De Brouwer , Ehsan Hajiramezanali , Tommaso Biancalani , Chanyoung Park , Gabriele Scalia

Dense vector retrieval is the practical backbone of Retrieval- Augmented Generation (RAG), but similarity search can suffer from precision limitations. Conversely, utility-based approaches leveraging LLM re-ranking often achieve superior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Rajinder Sandhu , Di Mu , Cheng Chang , Md Shahriar Tasjid , Himanshu Rai , Maksims Volkovs , Ga Wu

A common explanation for the failure of deep networks to generalize out-of-distribution is that they fail to recover the "correct" features. We challenge this notion with a simple experiment which suggests that ERM already learns sufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Elan Rosenfeld , Pradeep Ravikumar , Andrej Risteski

The fast-growing demands in using Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle complex multi-step data science tasks create an emergent need for accurate benchmarking. There are two major gaps in existing benchmarks: (i) the lack of standardized,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Fan Shu , Yite Wang , Ruofan Wu , Boyi Liu , Zhewei Yao , Yuxiong He , Feng Yan

Despite advances in generative large language models (LLMs), practical application of specialized conversational AI agents remains constrained by computation costs, latency requirements, and the need for precise domain-specific relevance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Eliot Brenner , Dominic Seyler , Manjunath Hegde , Andrei Simion , Koustuv Dasgupta , Bing Xiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant promise for mathematics education, yet they often struggle with complex mathematical reasoning. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these issues by grounding LLMs in external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shiting Chen , Zijian Zhao , Jinsong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external document retrieval to provide domain-specific or up-to-date knowledge. The effectiveness of RAG depends on the relevance of retrieved…

Large language models (LLMs) are inherently vulnerable to unintended privacy breaches. Consequently, systematic red-teaming research is essential for developing robust defense mechanisms. However, current data extraction methods suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zhiqiang Wang , Ruoxi Cheng

In recent years, considerable research has been conducted on vision-language models that handle both image and text data; these models are being applied to diverse downstream tasks, such as "image-related chat," "image recognition by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Kosuke Sakurai , Tatsuya Ishii , Ryotaro Shimizu , Linxin Song , Masayuki Goto

Display advertising provides significant value to advertisers, publishers, and users. Traditional display advertising systems utilize a multi-stage architecture consisting of retrieval, coarse ranking, and final ranking. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Fengxin Li , Yi Li , Yue Liu , Chao Zhou , Yuan Wang , Xiaoxiang Deng , Wei Xue , Dapeng Liu , Lei Xiao , Haijie Gu , Jie Jiang , Hongyan Liu , Biao Qin , Jun He

Non-linear detection schemes can substantially improve the achievable throughput and connectivity capabilities of uplink MU-MIMO systems that employ linear detection. However, the complexity requirements of existing non-linear soft…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-25 Chathura Jayawardena , Konstantinos Nikitopoulos

Recent advances in Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have been propelled by Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which grants the models access to vast external knowledge bases. Despite RAG's success in improving agent performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Shuhang Lin , Zhencan Peng , Lingyao Li , Xiao Lin , Xi Zhu , Yongfeng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) augmented with external data have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in completing real-world tasks. Techniques for integrating external data into LLMs, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Siyun Zhao , Yuqing Yang , Zilong Wang , Zhiyuan He , Luna K. Qiu , Lili Qiu

This paper presents an analysis of open-source large language models (LLMs) and their application in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) tasks, specific for enterprise-specific data sets scraped from their websites. With the increasing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Gautam B , Anupam Purwar

Code Search is a key task that many programmers often have to perform while developing solutions to problems. Current methodologies suffer from an inability to perform accurately on prompts that contain some ambiguity or ones that require…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sarthak Jain , Aditya Dora , Ka Seng Sam , Prabhat Singh

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for cybersecurity threat analysis, but their deployment in security-sensitive environments raises trust and safety concerns. With over 21,000 vulnerabilities disclosed in 2025, manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Reza Fayyazi , Michael Zuzak , Shanchieh Jay Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate inaccurate responses (hallucinations) when faced with questions beyond their knowledge scope. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this by leveraging external knowledge, but a critical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Haoxiang Jin , Ronghan Li , Zixiang Lu , Qiguang Miao