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The absence of direct high redshift observations poses a significant challenge in understanding the properties of first stars. Nonetheless, the cumulative effect of entire stellar populations can be studied with current data. In this work…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-07 Omer Zvi Katz , Diego Redigolo , Tomer Volansky

We analyze the formation of the redshifted hyperfine structure line 21-cm of hydrogen atom in the Dark Ages, Cosmic Dawn, and Reionization epochs. The evolution of the global differential brightness temperature in this line was computed to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-27 Bohdan Novosyadlyj , Yurij Kulinich , Gennadi Milinevsky , Valerii Shulga

Observations of the HI 21cm transition line promises to be an important probe into the cosmic dark ages and epoch of reionization. One of the challenges for the detection of this signal is the accuracy of the foreground source removal. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. Datta , S. Bhatnagar , C. L. Carilli

Current data of high-redshift absorption-line systems imply that hydrogen reionization occurred before redshifts of about 5. Previous works on reionization by the first stars or quasars have shown that such scenarios are described by a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Aparna Venkatesan

[Abridged] The spatially averaged global spectrum of the redshifted 21cm line has generated much experimental interest, for it is potentially a direct probe of the Epoch of Reionization and the Dark Ages. Since the cosmological signal here…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-07 Adrian Liu , Jonathan R. Pritchard , Max Tegmark , Abraham Loeb

The cosmic 21-cm line of hydrogen is expected to be measured in detail by the next generation of radio telescopes. The enormous dataset from future 21-cm surveys will revolutionize our understanding of early cosmic times. We present a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-11 Sudipta Sikder , Rennan Barkana , Itamar Reis , Anastasia Fialkov

We use a semi-analytical model to study the impact of reionization, and the associated radiative feedback, on galaxy formation. Two feedback models have been considered: (i) a standard prescription, according to which star formation is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Schneider , R. Salvaterra , T. Roy Choudhury , A. Ferrara , C. Burigana , L. A. Popa

The epoch of Cosmic Dawn, when the first stars and galaxies were born, is widely considered the final frontier of observational cosmology today. Mapping the period between Cosmic Dawn and the present-day provides access to more than 90% of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-25 Hamsa Padmanabhan

The temporal evolution of the ionizing UV background radiation field at high redshift provides a probe of the evolution of the early star formation rate. By comparing the observed levels of absorption in the highest redshift quasar spectra…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Renyue Cen , Patrick McDonald

Mapping Cosmic Dawn with 21-cm tomography offers an exciting new window into the era of primordial star formation. However, self-consistent implementation of both the process of star formation and the related 21-cm signal is challenging,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-22 Mattis Magg , Itamar Reis , Anastasia Fialkov , Rennan Barkana , Ralf S. Klessen , Simon C. O. Glover , Li-Hsin Chen , Tilman Hartwig , Anna T. P. Schauer

The 21-cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is a powerful probe of the evolution of the Universe. However, accurate measurements of the EoR signal from radio interferometric observations are sensitive to efficient foreground…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-23 Madhurima Choudhury , Jonathan C. Pober

The epoch of reionization (EoR) marks the last phase transition of hydrogen in our Universe, as it evolves from cold and neutral to hot and ionized in the intergalactic medium (IGM). While its endpoint and duration can be estimated from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-12 Sarah Libanore , Ely D. Kovetz , Julian B. Munoz , Yonatan Sklansky , Emilie Thélie

The exceptional sensitivity of the SKA will allow observations of the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization (CD/EoR) in unprecedented detail, both spectrally and spatially. This wealth of information is buried under Galactic and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-20 Emma Chapman , Anna Bonaldi , Geraint Harker , Vibor Jelić , Filipe B. Abdalla , Gianni Bernardi , Jérôme Bobin , Fred Dulwich , Benjamin Mort , Mario Santos , Jean-Luc Starck

A number of experiments are currently working towards a measurement of the 21 cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization. Whether or not these experiments deliver a detection of cosmological emission, their limited sensitivity will prevent…

Predictions for the ability of 21-cm interferometric experiments to discriminate Epoch of Reionization (EoR) signal models are typically limited by the simplicity of data models, whereby foreground signals and characteristics of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 Ainulnabilah Nasirudin , Steven Murray , Cathryn Trott , Bradley Greig , Ronniy Joseph , Chris Power

We show the universe was reionized twice, first at z~15-16 and second at z~6. Such an outcome appears inevitable, when normalizing to two well determined observational measurements, namely, the epoch of the final cosmological reionization…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-15 Renyue Cen

During the last decades, our understanding of the universe has reached a remarkable level, being able to test cosmological predictions with an astonishing precision. Nonetheless, the nature, composition, mass and interactions of the Dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-16 Pablo Villanueva-Domingo

The precise measurement of the sky-averaged HI absorption signal between 50 and 200 MHz is the primary goal of global 21-cm cosmology. This measurement has the potential to unravel the underlying physics of cosmic structure formation and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-04 Emma Shen , Dominic Anstey , Marta Spinelli , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Anastasia Fialkov

The 21 cm bispectrum (BS) offers a powerful probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), but its observational access is severely hindered by dominant astrophysical foregrounds. Considering Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) observations at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-20 Sukhdeep Singh Gill , Khandakar Md Asif Elahi , Somnath Bharadwaj , Shiv K. Sethi , Akash Kumar Patwa

We investigate the effects of Population III (Pop III) stars and their remnants on the cosmological 21-cm global signal. By combining a semi-analytic model of Pop III star formation with a global 21-cm simulation code, we investigate how…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-02-12 Richard H. Mebane , Jordan Mirocha , Steven R. Furlanetto