English
Related papers

Related papers: Minimum Weight Decoding in the Colour Code is NP-h…

200 papers

Color codes are a leading class of topological quantum error-correcting codes with modest error thresholds and structural compatibility with two-dimensional architectures, which make them well-suited for fault-tolerant quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Nitish Kumar Chandra , David Tipper , Reza Nejabati , Eneet Kaur , Kaushik P. Seshadreesan

Topological quantum codes are favored because they allow qubit layouts that are suitable for practical implementation. An $N$-qubit topological code can be decoded by minimum-weight perfect matching (MWPM) with complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Kao-Yueh Kuo , Ching-Yi Lai

The surface code is a powerful quantum error correcting code that can be defined on a 2-D square lattice of qubits with only nearest neighbor interactions. Syndrome and data qubits form a checkerboard pattern. Information about errors is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Austin G. Fowler , David S. Wang , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

The minimum distance is one of the most important combinatorial characterizations of a code. The maximum likelihood decoding problem is one of the most important algorithmic problems of a code. While these problems are known to be hard for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Qi Cheng

Efficient and accurate decoding of quantum error-correcting codes is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation, however, it is challenging due to the degeneracy of errors, the complex code topology, and the large space for logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Hanyan Cao , Feng Pan , Dongyang Feng , Yijia Wang , Pan Zhang

A quantum computer needs the assistance of a classical algorithm to detect and identify errors that affect encoded quantum information. At this interface of classical and quantum computing the technique of machine learning has appeared as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-15 P. Baireuther , M. D. Caio , B. Criger , C. W. J. Beenakker , T. E. O'Brien

In this work, we develop an efficient decoding method for graph codes, a class of stabilizer quantum error-correcting codes constructed from graph states. While optimal decoding is generally NP-hard, we propose a faster decoder exploiting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Nirupam Basak , Goutam Paul

Quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) are necessary for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Surface codes are a class of topological QECCs that have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional error-correcting capabilities and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Jifan Liang , Qianfan Wang , Lvzhou Li , Xiao Ma

An algorithm is presented for error correction in the surface code quantum memory. This is shown to correct depolarizing noise up to a threshold error rate of 18.5%, exceeding previous results and coming close to the upper bound of 18.9%.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 James R. Wootton , Daniel Loss

Realizing the full potential of quantum computation requires quantum error correction (QEC), with most recent breakthrough demonstrations of QEC using the surface code. QEC codes use multiple noisy physical qubits to encode information in…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for quantum computing to mitigate the effect of errors on qubits, and surface code (SC) is one of the most promising QEC methods. Decoding SCs is the most computational expensive task in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-02 Yosuke Ueno , Masaaki Kondo , Masamitsu Tanaka , Yasunari Suzuki , Yutaka Tabuchi

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for scalable quantum computing. However, it requires classical decoders that are fast and accurate enough to keep pace with quantum hardware. While quantum low-density parity-check codes have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Andi Gu , J. Pablo Bonilla Ataides , Mikhail D. Lukin , Susanne F. Yelin

Quantum error correction of a surface code or repetition code requires the pairwise matching of error events in a space-time graph of qubit measurements, such that the total weight of the matching is minimized. The input weights follow from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 S. T. Spitz , B. Tarasinski , C. W. J. Beenakker , T. E. O'Brien

In classical computing, error-correcting codes are well established and are ubiquitous both in theory and practical applications. For quantum computing, error-correction is essential as well, but harder to realize, coming along with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-30 Lucas Berent , Lukas Burgholzer , Peter-Jan H. S. Derks , Jens Eisert , Robert Wille

P vs NP problem is the most important unresolved problem in the field of computational complexity. Its impact has penetrated into all aspects of algorithm design, especially in the field of cryptography. The security of cryptographic…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Gao Ming

Due to the high sensitivity of qubits to environmental noise, which leads to decoherence and information loss, active quantum error correction(QEC) is essential. Surface codes represent one of the most promising fault-tolerant QEC schemes,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Hao Wang , Erjia Xiao , Wenbo Mu , Songhuan He , Zhongyi Ni , Lingfeng Zhang , Xiaokun Zhan , Yifei Cui , Jinguo Liu , Cheng Wang , Zhongrui Wang , Renjing Xu

Topological error correcting codes, and particularly the surface code, currently provide the most feasible roadmap towards large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. As such, obtaining fast and flexible decoding algorithms for these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Ryan Sweke , Markus S. Kesselring , Evert P. L. van Nieuwenburg , Jens Eisert

Many practical problems in almost all scientific and technological disciplines have been classified as computationally hard (NP-hard or even NP-complete). In life sciences, combinatorial optimization problems frequently arise in molecular…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 H. Jose Antonio Martin

Quantum error correction is an essential ingredient for reliable quantum computation for theoretically provable quantum speedup. Topological color codes, one of the quantum error correction codes, have an advantage against the surface codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Yugo Takada , Yusaku Takeuchi , Keisuke Fujii

We prove improved inapproximability results for hypergraph coloring using the low-degree polynomial code (aka, the 'short code' of Barak et. al. [FOCS 2012]) and the techniques proposed by Dinur and Guruswami [FOCS 2013] to incorporate this…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-03-09 Venkatesan Guruswami , Johan Hastad , Prahladh Harsha , Srikanth Srinivasan , Girish Varma