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The recent advancements in wireless technology enable connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) to gather data via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, such as processed LIDAR and camera data from other vehicles. In this work, we design an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Songyang Han , Shanglin Zhou , Lynn Pepin , Jiangwei Wang , Caiwen Ding , Fei Miao

Provable safety is one of the most critical challenges in automated driving. The behavior of numerous traffic participants in a scene cannot be predicted reliably due to complex interdependencies and the indiscriminate behavior of humans.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Piotr Franciszek Orzechowski , Annika Meyer , Martin Lauer

Current research in Visual Navigation reveals opportunities for improvement. First, the direct adoption of RNNs and Transformers often overlooks the specific differences between Embodied AI and traditional sequential data modelling,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ruoyu Wang , Yao Liu , Yuanjiang Cao , Lina Yao

Current text-to-image (T2I) benchmarks evaluate models on rigid prompts, potentially underestimating true generative capabilities due to prompt sensitivity and creating biases that favor certain models while disadvantaging others. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haosheng Gan , Berk Tinaz , Mohammad Shahab Sepehri , Zalan Fabian , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

This paper analyzes the community safety guidelines of five text-to-image (T2I) generation platforms and audits five T2I models, focusing on prompts related to the representation of humans in areas that might lead to societal stigma. While…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Piera Riccio , Georgina Curto , Nuria Oliver

This paper investigates the use of Infrastructure-To-Vehicle (I2V) communication to generate routing suggestions for drivers in transportation systems, with the goal of optimizing a measure of overall network congestion. We define link-wise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-18 Gianluca Bianchin , Fabio Pasqualetti , Soumya Kundu

To prevent Text-to-Image (T2I) models from generating unethical images, people deploy safety filters to block inappropriate drawing prompts. Previous works have employed token replacement to search adversarial prompts that attempt to bypass…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yimo Deng , Huangxun Chen

We introduce Contrastive Activation Addition (CAA), an innovative method for steering language models by modifying their activations during forward passes. CAA computes "steering vectors" by averaging the difference in residual stream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Nina Panickssery , Nick Gabrieli , Julian Schulz , Meg Tong , Evan Hubinger , Alexander Matt Turner

We study the use of amortized optimization to predict optimal transport (OT) maps from the input measures, which we call Meta OT. This helps repeatedly solve similar OT problems between different measures by leveraging the knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Brandon Amos , Samuel Cohen , Giulia Luise , Ievgen Redko

Activation steering methods were shown to be effective in conditioning language model generation by additively intervening over models' intermediate representations. However, the evaluation of these techniques has so far been limited to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Daniel Scalena , Gabriele Sarti , Malvina Nissim

Customizing text-to-image (T2I) models has seen tremendous progress recently, particularly in areas such as personalization, stylization, and conditional generation. However, expanding this progress to video generation is still in its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Hila Chefer , Shiran Zada , Roni Paiss , Ariel Ephrat , Omer Tov , Michael Rubinstein , Lior Wolf , Tali Dekel , Tomer Michaeli , Inbar Mosseri

Under a changing driving environment, a Connected Autonomous Vehicle (CAV) platoon relies strongly on the acquisition of accurate traffic information from neighboring vehicles as well as reliable commands from a centralized supervisory…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Sanchita Ghosh , Nutan Saha , Tanushree Roy

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have made remarkable progress in generating images from text prompts, but their output quality and safety still depend heavily on how prompts are phrased. Existing safety methods typically refine prompts using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jinwoo Jeon , JunHyeok Oh , Hayeong Lee , Byung-Jun Lee

Neural image classifiers are known to undergo severe performance degradation when exposed to inputs that are sampled from environmental conditions that differ from their training data. Given the recent progress in Text-to-Image (T2I)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jianhao Yuan , Francesco Pinto , Adam Davies , Philip Torr

Text-to-image (T2I) models commonly incorporate defense mechanisms to prevent the generation of sensitive images. Unfortunately, recent jailbreak attacks have shown that adversarial prompts can effectively bypass these mechanisms and induce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Chenyu Zhang , Lanjun Wang , Yiwen Ma , Wenhui Li , Yi Tu , An-An Liu

We introduce Afferent Learning, a framework that produces Computational Afferent Traces (CATs) as adaptive, internal risk signals for damage-avoidance learning. Inspired by biological systems, the framework uses a two-level architecture:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Wolfgang Maass , Sabine Janzen , Prajvi Saxena , Sach Mukherjee

Training a model-free reinforcement learning agent requires allowing the agent to sufficiently explore the environment to search for an optimal policy. In safety-constrained environments, utilizing unsupervised exploration or a non-optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Erfan Entezami , Mahsa Sahebdel , Dhawal Gupta

We present Causal Amortized Active Structure Learning (CAASL), an active intervention design policy that can select interventions that are adaptive, real-time and that does not require access to the likelihood. This policy, an amortized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yashas Annadani , Panagiotis Tigas , Stefan Bauer , Adam Foster

Existing models often struggle with complex temporal changes, particularly when generating videos with gradual attribute transitions. The most common prompt interpolation approach for motion transitions often fails to handle gradual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ling Lo , Kelvin C. K. Chan , Wen-Huang Cheng , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Tool-calling text-to-image (T2I) agents can plan and execute multi-step tool chains to accomplish complex generation and editing queries. However, this capability introduces a new safety attack surface: harmful outputs may arise from tool…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jianming Chen , Yawen Wang , Junjie Wang , Zhe Liu , Qing Wang , Fanjiang Xu