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In universal fault-tolerant quantum computing, implementing logical non-Clifford gates often demands substantial spacetime resources for many error-correcting codes, including the high-threshold surface code. A critical mission for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 Sheng-Jie Huang , Alison Warman , Sakura Schafer-Nameki , Yanzhu Chen

Topological quantum codes are intrinsically fault-tolerant to local noise, and underlie the theory of topological phases of matter. We explore geometry to enhance the performance of topological quantum codes by rotating the four dimensional…

We define code maps between Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes using maps between chain complexes, and describe code surgery between such codes using a specific colimit in the category of chain complexes. As well as describing a surgery…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Alexander Cowtan , Simon Burton

Fault-tolerant capacities quantify the ability of a quantum channel to reliably transmit information when every component of the encoding and decoding procedure is noisy. Earlier work analyzed achievable communication rates under such noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Paula Belzig , Hayata Yamasaki

The promise of high-rate low-density parity check (LDPC) codes to substantially reduce the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computation depends on constructing efficient, fault-tolerant implementations of logical gates on such codes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Armanda O. Quintavalle , Paul Webster , Michael Vasmer

Hypergraph products are quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes constructed from two classical LDPC codes. Although their dimension and distance depend only on the parameters of the underlying classical codes, optimizing their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Bruno C. A. Freire , Nicolas Delfosse , Anthony Leverrier

We introduce a framework for implementing logic in CSS quantum error correction codes, building on the surgery methods of Cowtan and Burton [CB24]. Our approach offers a systematic methodology for designing and analysing surgery protocols.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-30 Clément Poirson , Joschka Roffe , Robert I. Booth

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes with asymptotically non-zero rates are prominent candidates for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation, primarily due to their syndrome-measurement circuit's low operational depth.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Asit Kumar Pradhan , Nithin Raveendran , Narayanan Rengaswamy , Bane Vasić

Lattice surgery protocols allow for the efficient implementation of universal gate sets with two-dimensional topological codes where qubits are constrained to interact with one another locally. In this work, we first introduce a decoder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 Christopher Chamberland , Earl T. Campbell

Quantum computation holds the promise of solving certain complex problems exponentially faster than classical computers. However, the high prevalent noise in current quantum devices impedes the accurate execution of even basic algorithms.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Prithviraj Prabhu

Quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes offer a promising route to scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation with constant overhead. Recent advancements have shown that qLDPC codes can outperform the quantum memory capability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Jens Niklas Eberhardt , Vincent Steffan

Coherent errors are a dominant noise process in many quantum computing architectures. Unlike stochastic errors, these errors can combine constructively and grow into highly detrimental overrotations. To combat this, we introduce a simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 Dripto Debroy , Muyuan Li , Michael Newman , Kenneth R. Brown

In pursuit of large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation, quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been established as promising candidates for low-overhead memory when compared to conventional approaches based on surface…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Zhiyang He , Alexander Cowtan , Dominic J. Williamson , Theodore J. Yoder

We describe a space-time optimized circuit for the table lookup subroutine from lattice-surgery surface code primitives respecting 2D grid connectivity. Table lookup circuits are ubiquitous in quantum computing, allowing the presented…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Thomas Häner , Vadym Kliuchnikov , Martin Roetteler , Mathias Soeken

We present a fault-tolerant universal quantum computing architecture based on a code concatenation of biased-noise qubits and the parity architecture. The parity architecture can be understood as an LDPC code tailored specifically to obtain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Anette Messinger , Valentin Torggler , Berend Klaver , Michael Fellner , Wolfgang Lechner

Introducing controlled overlap among a few repetition blocks yields a fourfold asymptotic rate improvement while preserving an average stabilizer weight of \(4\). Substituting the overlapped outer layer with an LDPC code further produces a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-21 En-Jui Chang

Quantum processors are often affected by biased noise and noisy readout, which reduce reliability and reproducibility. This work combines two complementary strategies to address these challenges. The first is bias tailoring, which aligns…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Devon Campbell

Quantum computers hold the potential to surpass classical computers in solving complex computational problems. However, the fragility of quantum information and the error-prone nature of quantum operations make building large-scale,…

We present a fault-tolerant Bell-pair distillation scheme achieving constant overhead through high-rate quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes. Our approach maintains a constant distillation rate equal to the code rate while…

The surface code is designed to suppress errors in quantum computing hardware and currently offers the most believable pathway to large-scale quantum computation. The surface code requires a 2-D array of nearest-neighbor coupled qubits that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-04 Austin G. Fowler
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