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Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced artificial intelligence by enabling human-like text generation and natural language understanding. However, their reliance on static training data limits their ability to respond to dynamic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Aditi Singh , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei , Athanasios V. Vasilakos

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown significant promise in various domains, especially robotics. However, most prior LLM-based work in robotic applications either directly predicts waypoints or applies LLMs within…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yue Meng , Fei Chen , Yongchao Chen , Chuchu Fan

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and Deep Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) have achieved significant successes across a wide range of domains, including game AI, autonomous vehicles, robotics, and so on. However, DRL and deep MARL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Jianye Hao , Tianpei Yang , Hongyao Tang , Chenjia Bai , Jinyi Liu , Zhaopeng Meng , Peng Liu , Zhen Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral components in various autonomous agent systems. In this study, we present an exploration-based trajectory optimization approach, referred to as ETO. This learning method is designed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yifan Song , Da Yin , Xiang Yue , Jie Huang , Sujian Li , Bill Yuchen Lin

While current software agents powered by large language models (LLMs) and agentic reinforcement learning (RL) can boost programmer productivity, their training data (e.g., GitHub issues and pull requests) and environments (e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yuxiang Wei , Zhiqing Sun , Emily McMilin , Jonas Gehring , David Zhang , Gabriel Synnaeve , Daniel Fried , Lingming Zhang , Sida Wang

Collaborative multi-agent exploration of unknown environments is crucial for search and rescue operations. Effective real-world deployment must address challenges such as limited inter-agent communication and static and dynamic obstacles.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Gabriele Calzolari , Vidya Sumathy , Christoforos Kanellakis , George Nikolakopoulos

The relation extraction (RE) in complex scenarios faces challenges such as diverse relation types and ambiguous relations between entities within a single sentence, leading to the poor performance of pure "text-in, text-out" language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yuchen Shi , Guochao Jiang , Tian Qiu , Deqing Yang

The recent surge in research interest in applying large language models (LLMs) to decision-making tasks has flourished by leveraging the extensive world knowledge embedded in LLMs. While there is a growing demand to tailor LLMs for custom…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Andrew Zhao , Daniel Huang , Quentin Xu , Matthieu Lin , Yong-Jin Liu , Gao Huang

Large Language Model-based agents have garnered significant attention and are becoming increasingly popular. Furthermore, planning ability is a crucial component of an LLM-based agent, which generally entails achieving a desired goal from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Mengkang Hu , Pu Zhao , Can Xu , Qingfeng Sun , Jianguang Lou , Qingwei Lin , Ping Luo , Saravan Rajmohan

As agentic AI becomes more widespread, agents with distinct and possibly conflicting goals will interact in complex ways. These multi-agent interactions pose a fundamental challenge, particularly in social dilemmas, where agents' individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Dereck Piche , Mohammed Muqeeth , Milad Aghajohari , Juan Duque , Michael Noukhovitch , Aaron Courville

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable promise in reasoning and decision-making, yet their integration with Reinforcement Learning (RL) for complex robotic tasks remains underexplored. In this paper, we propose an LLM-guided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Chak Lam Shek , Pratap Tokekar

The common sense reasoning abilities and vast general knowledge of Large Language Models (LLMs) make them a natural fit for interpreting user requests in a Smart Home assistant context. LLMs, however, lack specific knowledge about the user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Dmitriy Rivkin , Francois Hogan , Amal Feriani , Abhisek Konar , Adam Sigal , Steve Liu , Greg Dudek

The recent advance in Large Language Models (LLMs) has shaped a new paradigm of AI agents, i.e., LLM-based agents. Compared to standalone LLMs, LLM-based agents substantially extend the versatility and expertise of LLMs by enhancing LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Junwei Liu , Kaixin Wang , Yixuan Chen , Xin Peng , Zhenpeng Chen , Lingming Zhang , Yiling Lou

Agent-based models (ABMs) stand as an essential paradigm for proposing and validating hypothetical solutions or policies aimed at addressing challenges posed by complex systems and achieving various objectives. This process demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Tong Niu , Weihao Zhang , Rong Zhao

Despite their success in many domains, large language models (LLMs) remain under-studied in scenarios requiring optimal decision-making under uncertainty. This is crucial as many real-world applications, ranging from personalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Allen Nie , Yi Su , Bo Chang , Jonathan N. Lee , Ed H. Chi , Quoc V. Le , Minmin Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored for building Agents capable of active environmental interaction (e.g., via tool use) to solve complex problems. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is considered a key technology with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mingyue Cheng , Jie Ouyang , Shuo Yu , Ruiran Yan , Yucong Luo , Zirui Liu , Daoyu Wang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) have shown significant promise in decision-making tasks. Nevertheless, for large-scale industrial decision problems, both approaches face distinct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xu Wan , Wenyue Xu , Chao Yang , Mingyang Sun

Traditional reinforcement learning and planning typically requires vast amounts of data and training to develop effective policies. In contrast, large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong generalization and zero-shot capabilities, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jonathan Light , Min Cai , Weiqin Chen , Guanzhi Wang , Xiusi Chen , Wei Cheng , Yisong Yue , Ziniu Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced tool-augmented agents, enabling autonomous reasoning via API interactions. However, executing multi-step tasks within massive tool libraries remains challenging due to two critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Rongzhe Wei , Ge Shi , Min Cheng , Na Zhang , Pan Li , Sarthak Ghosh , Vaibhav Gorde , Leman Akoglu

This work presents an exploration and imitation-learning-based agent capable of state-of-the-art performance in playing text-based computer games. Text-based computer games describe their world to the player through natural language and…