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PINSKY is a system for open-ended learning through neuroevolution in game-based domains. It builds on the Paired Open-Ended Trailblazer (POET) system, which originally explored learning and environment generation for bipedal walkers, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Aaron Dharna , Amy K Hoover , Julian Togelius , L. B. Soros

What if artificial agents could not just communicate, but also evolve, adapt, and reshape their worlds in ways we cannot fully predict? With llm now powering multi-agent systems and social simulations, we are witnessing new possibilities…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinkun Chen , Sher Badshah , Xuemin Yu , Sijia Han

Understanding the patterns and processes of diversification of life in the planet is a key challenge of science. The Tree of Life represents such diversification processes through the evolutionary relationships among the different taxa, and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-06-16 E. Alejandro Herrada , Claudio J. Tessone , Konstantin Klemm , Victor M. Eguiluz , Emilio Hernandez-Garcia , Carlos M. Duarte

Evolutionary Robotics allows robots with limited sensors and processing to tackle complex tasks by means of sensory-motor coordination. In this paper we show the first application of the Behaviour Tree framework to a real robotic platform…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-08-10 Kirk Y. W. Scheper , Sjoerd Tijmons , Coen C. de Visser , Guido C. H. E. de Croon

Open-endedness, primarily studied in the context of artificial life, is the ability of systems to generate potentially unbounded ontologies of increasing novelty and complexity. Engineering generative systems displaying at least some degree…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Aaron Dharna , Julian Togelius , L. B. Soros

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable unprecedented social science experimentation by creating controlled hybrid human-AI environments. We introduce Epitome (www.epitome-ai.com), an open experimental platform that operationalizes this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Jingjing Qu , Kejia Hu , Jun Zhu , Yulei Ye , Wenhao Li , Teng Wang , Zhiyun Chen , Chaochao Lu , Aimin Zhou , Xiangfeng Wang , Xia Hu , James Evans

The nature and source of evolutionary trends in complexity is difficult to assess from the fossil record, and the driven vs. passive nature of such trends has been debated for decades. There are also questions about how effectively…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2011-12-22 Larry Yaeger , Virgil Griffith , Olaf Sporns

The behaviour of systems characterised by a closed interaction of software components with the environment is inevitably subject to perturbations and uncertainties. In this paper we propose a general framework for the specification and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Valentina Castiglioni , Michele Loreti , Simone Tini

Bedau has developed a general set of evolutionary statistics that quantify the adaptive component of evolutionary processes. On the basis of these measures, he has proposed a set of 4 classes of evolutionary system. All artificial life…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-09-29 Russell K. Standish

Recent research has extended methods from the fields of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics into other disciplines. Most notably, one recent work creates a unified theoretical framework to understand evolutionary biology, machine…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-22 Daniel Sadasivan , Cole Cantu , Cecilia Marsh , Andrew Graham

Synthetic biology and bioengineering provide the opportunity to create novel embodied cognitive systems (otherwise known as minds) in a very wide variety of chimeric architectures combining evolved and designed material and software. These…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-26 Michael Levin

Understanding how the time-complexity of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) depend on their parameter settings and characteristics of fitness landscapes is a fundamental problem in evolutionary computation. Most rigorous results were derived…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Dogan Corus , Duc-Cuong Dang , Anton V. Eremeev , Per Kristian Lehre

Stochastic models, based on random processes, may lead to power law distributions, which provide long range correlations. The observation of power law behavior and the presence of long range correlations in biological systems has been…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-03-26 Thomas Oikonomou

Do large language models (LLMs) have theory of mind? A plethora of papers and benchmarks have been introduced to evaluate if current models have been able to develop this key ability of social intelligence. However, all rely on limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Melanie Sclar , Jane Yu , Maryam Fazel-Zarandi , Yulia Tsvetkov , Yonatan Bisk , Yejin Choi , Asli Celikyilmaz

While fields like Artificial Life have made huge strides in quantifying the mechanisms that distinguish living systems from non-living ones, particular mechanisms remain difficult to reproduce in silico. Known as open-endedness, we've been…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Alyssa M Adams , Eliott Jacopin , Praful Gagrani , Olaf Witkowski

We are in the midst of large-scale industrial and academic efforts to automate the processes of scientific, technological and creative production through AI-driven assistants. Historically, a fundamental property of these processes in their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Sam Earle , Kai Arulkumaran , Andrew Dai , Akarsh Kumar , Julian Togelius , Sebastian Risi

There are enormous amount of examples of Computation in nature, exemplified across multiple species in biology. One crucial aim for these computations across all life forms their ability to learn and thereby increase the chance of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-30 Nabarun Mondal , Partha P. Ghosh

This paper proposes environment design in the life simulation game The Sims as a novel platform and challenge for testing divergent search algorithms. In this domain, which includes a minimal viability criterion, the goal is to furnish a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Megan Charity , Dipika Rajesh , Rachel Ombok , L. B. Soros

Understanding the world and explaining it with scientific theories is a central aspiration of artificial intelligence research. Proposing theories, designing experiments to test them, and then revising them based on data are fundamental to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Kanishk Gandhi , Michael Y. Li , Lyle Goodyear , Agam Bhatia , Louise Li , Aditi Bhaskar , Mohammed Zaman , Noah D. Goodman

We compare the ability of a simulated annealing program and an evolutionary algorithm to find molecules with large molecular average hyperpolarizabilities. This property is an important component of nonlinear optical materials. Both…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Dominic Mashak , S. A. Alexander