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Simulation is an essential tool to develop and benchmark autonomous vehicle planning software in a safe and cost-effective manner. However, realistic simulation requires accurate modeling of nuanced and complex multi-agent interactive…

A/B testing, or controlled experiments, is the gold standard approach to causally compare the performance of algorithms on online platforms. However, conventional Bernoulli randomization in A/B testing faces many challenges such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Yongkang Guo , Yuan Yuan , Jinshan Zhang , Yuqing Kong , Zhihua Zhu , Zheng Cai

We are exploring the enhancement of models of agent behaviour with more "human-like" decision making strategies than are presently available. Our motivation is to developed with a view to as the decision analysis and support for electric…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2009-12-22 Yee Ming Chen , Bo-Yuan Wang , Hung-Ming Shiu

We introduce DeepABM, a framework for agent-based modeling that leverages geometric message passing of graph neural networks for simulating action and interactions over large agent populations. Using DeepABM allows scaling simulations to…

Online experiments in internet systems, also known as A/B tests, are used for a wide range of system tuning problems, such as optimizing recommender system ranking policies and learning adaptive streaming controllers. Decision-makers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Qing Feng , Samuel Daulton , Benjamin Letham , Maximilian Balandat , Eytan Bakshy

Simulation agents are essential for designing and testing systems that interact with humans, such as autonomous vehicles (AVs). These agents serve various purposes, from benchmarking AV performance to stress-testing system limits, but all…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Daphne Cornelisse , Aarav Pandya , Kevin Joseph , Joseph Suárez , Eugene Vinitsky

Testing conversational AI systems at scale across diverse domains necessitates realistic and diverse user interactions capturing a wide array of behavioral patterns. We present a novel multi-agent framework for realistic, explainable human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hareeshwar Karthikeyan

Despite rapid progress in building conversational AI agents, robustness is still largely untested. Small shifts in user behavior, such as being more impatient, incoherent, or skeptical, can cause sharp drops in agent performance, revealing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Muyu He , Anand Kumar , Tsach Mackey , Meghana Rajeev , James Zou , Nazneen Rajani

A/B testing, or online experiment is a standard business strategy to compare a new product with an old one in pharmaceutical, technological, and traditional industries. Major challenges arise in online experiments of two-sided marketplace…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Chengchun Shi , Xiaoyu Wang , Shikai Luo , Hongtu Zhu , Jieping Ye , Rui Song

Personalisation is a standard feature of conversational AI systems used by millions; yet, the efficacy of personalisation methods is often evaluated in academic research using simulated users rather than real people. This raises questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Hannah Rose Kirk , Liu Leqi , Fanzhi Zeng , Henry Davidson , Bertie Vidgen , Christopher Summerfield , Scott A. Hale

A/B testing is widely used in modern technology companies for policy evaluation and product deployment, with the goal of comparing the outcomes under a newly-developed policy against a standard control. Various causal inference and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-25 Jinjuan Wang , Qianglin Wen , Yu Zhang , Xiaodong Yan , Chengchun Shi

To enable human oversight, agentic AI systems often provide a trace of reasoning and action steps. Designing traces to have an informative, but not overwhelming, level of detail remains a critical challenge. In three user studies on a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin , Hussein Mozannar , Maya Murad , Jingya Chen , Saleema Amershi , Adam Fourney

Online experiments %in which experimental units receive a sequence of treatments over time are frequently employed in many technological companies to evaluate the performance of a newly developed policy, product, or treatment relative to a…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-01-14 Ke Sun , Linglong Kong , Hongtu Zhu , Chengchun Shi

Autonomous agents (robots) face tremendous challenges while interacting with heterogeneous human agents in close proximity. One of these challenges is that the autonomous agent does not have an accurate model tailored to the specific human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Shuangge Wang , Yiwei Lyu , John M. Dolan

Interactive traffic simulation is crucial to autonomous driving systems by enabling testing for planners in a more scalable and safe way compared to real-world road testing. Existing approaches learn an agent model from large-scale driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Qiao Sun , Xin Huang , Brian C. Williams , Hang Zhao

We present a rigorous, human-in-the-loop evaluation framework for assessing the performance of AI agents on the task of Air Traffic Control, grounded in a regulator-certified simulator-based curriculum used for training and testing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ben Carvell , Marc Thomas , Andrew Pace , Christopher Dorney , George De Ath , Richard Everson , Nick Pepper , Adam Keane , Samuel Tomlinson , Richard Cannon

We study the problem of designing AI agents that can robustly cooperate with people in human-machine partnerships. Our work is inspired by real-life scenarios in which an AI agent, e.g., a virtual assistant, has to cooperate with new users…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Ahana Ghosh , Sebastian Tschiatschek , Hamed Mahdavi , Adish Singla

The automation of functional testing in software has allowed developers to continuously check for negative impacts on functionality throughout the iterative phases of development. This is not the case for User eXperience (UX), which has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Pedro M. Fernandes , Manuel Lopes , Rui Prada

In autonomous navigation, a planning system reasons about other agents to plan a safe and plausible trajectory. Before planning starts, agents are typically processed with computationally intensive models for recognition, tracking, motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Khaled S. Refaat , Kai Ding , Natalia Ponomareva , Stéphane Ross

We present a new approach to automated scenario-based testing of the safety of autonomous vehicles, especially those using advanced artificial intelligence-based components, spanning both simulation-based evaluation as well as testing in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-14 Daniel J. Fremont , Edward Kim , Yash Vardhan Pant , Sanjit A. Seshia , Atul Acharya , Xantha Bruso , Paul Wells , Steve Lemke , Qiang Lu , Shalin Mehta