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Related papers: CMI-RewardBench: Evaluating Music Reward Models wi…

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We propose MusicRL, the first music generation system finetuned from human feedback. Appreciation of text-to-music models is particularly subjective since the concept of musicality as well as the specific intention behind a caption are…

Conditional music generation offers significant advantages in terms of user convenience and control, presenting great potential in AI-generated content research. However, building conditional generative systems for multitrack popular songs…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jing Luo , Xinyu Yang , Dorien Herremans

With rapid advances in generative artificial intelligence, the text-to-music synthesis task has emerged as a promising direction for music generation. Nevertheless, achieving precise control over multi-track generation remains an open…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Yao Yao , Peike Li , Boyu Chen , Alex Wang

Reward models (RMs) play a critical role in aligning AI behaviors with human preferences, yet they face two fundamental challenges: (1) Modality Imbalance, where most RMs are mainly focused on text and image modalities, offering limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhuoran Jin , Hongbang Yuan , Kejian Zhu , Jiachun Li , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Evaluating the quality of multi-turn conversations is crucial for developing capable Large Language Models (LLMs), yet remains a significant challenge, often requiring costly human evaluation. Multi-turn reward models (RMs) offer a scalable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Wenzhe Li , Shujian Zhang , Wenxuan Zhou , John Lambert , Chi Jin , Andrew Hard , Rajiv Mathews , Lun Wang

Human-defined creativity is highly abstract, posing a challenge for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to comprehend and assess creativity that aligns with human judgments. The absence of an existing benchmark further exacerbates this…

Retrieval-augmented generation combined with reinforcement learning has shown promise for grounding large language models in trustworthy medical evidence. However, existing methods rely on exact-match binary rewards, which in clinical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuwei Miao , Gen Li , Yunsheng Zeng , Xiandong Li , Yujin Wang , Siyu Chen , Luning Wang , Yunhao Qiao , Junfeng Wang , Jianwei Lv , Bo Yuan

Reward models (RMs) are crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. They are trained using preference datasets where each example consists of one input prompt, two responses, and a preference label. As curating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jiaming Shen , Ran Xu , Yennie Jun , Zhen Qin , Tianqi Liu , Carl Yang , Yi Liang , Simon Baumgartner , Michael Bendersky

In this work, we investigate the personalization of text-to-music diffusion models in a few-shot setting. Motivated by recent advances in the computer vision domain, we are the first to explore the combination of pre-trained text-to-audio…

A key challenge in music generation models is their lack of direct alignment with human preferences, as music evaluation is inherently subjective and varies widely across individuals. We introduce MR-FlowDPO, a novel approach that enhances…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Alon Ziv , Sanyuan Chen , Andros Tjandra , Yossi Adi , Wei-Ning Hsu , Bowen Shi

Instruction following is one of the fundamental capabilities of large language models (LLMs). As the ability of LLMs is constantly improving, they have been increasingly applied to deal with complex human instructions in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Bosi Wen , Pei Ke , Xiaotao Gu , Lindong Wu , Hao Huang , Jinfeng Zhou , Wenchuang Li , Binxin Hu , Wendy Gao , Jiaxin Xu , Yiming Liu , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Reward models are critical in techniques like Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and Inference Scaling Laws, where they guide language model alignment and select optimal responses. Despite their importance, existing reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yantao Liu , Zijun Yao , Rui Min , Yixin Cao , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Rapid advances in audio-video (AV) generation have enabled high-fidelity synthesis with synchronized sound, particularly for human-related scenarios involving speech and interactions. Yet evaluation for AV generation remains at an early…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jialiang Yang , Bin Xia , Ruihang Chu , Dingdong Wang , Wanke Xia , Zhun Mou , Tianyang Zhong , Yiting Zhao , Wenming Yang

Modelling human perception of musical similarity is critical for the evaluation of generative music systems, musicological research, and many Music Information Retrieval tasks. Although human similarity judgments are the gold standard,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-29 Jeff Ens , Philippe Pasquier

Deep learning models are typically evaluated to measure and compare their performance on a given task. The metrics that are commonly used to evaluate these models are standard metrics that are used for different tasks. In the field of music…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Carlos Hernandez-Olivan , Jorge Abadias Puyuelo , Jose R. Beltran

Multimodal models are critical for music understanding tasks, as they capture the complex interplay between audio and lyrics. However, as these models become more prevalent, the need for explainability grows-understanding how these systems…

Modeling various aspects that make a music piece unique is a challenging task, requiring the combination of multiple sources of information. Deep learning is commonly used to obtain representations using various sources of information, such…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Andres Ferraro , Xavier Favory , Konstantinos Drossos , Yuntae Kim , Dmitry Bogdanov

Music mixing involves combining individual tracks into a cohesive mixture, a task characterized by subjectivity where multiple valid solutions exist for the same input. Existing automatic mixing systems treat this task as a deterministic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Eloi Moliner , Marco A. Martínez-Ramírez , Junghyun Koo , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Kin Wai Cheuk , Joan Serrà , Vesa Välimäki , Yuki Mitsufuji

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have substantially expanded the capabilities of multimodal retrieval, enabling systems to align and retrieve information across visual and textual modalities. Yet, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xuan Lu , Kangle Li , Haohang Huang , Rui Meng , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaoyu Shen

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities, yet their performance is often capped by the coarse nature of existing alignment techniques. A critical bottleneck remains the lack of effective reward models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zicheng Kong , Dehua Ma , Zhenbo Xu , Alven Yang , Yiwei Ru , Haoran Wang , Zixuan Zhou , Fuqing Bie , Liuyu Xiang , Huijia Wu , Jian Zhao , Zhaofeng He