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Third-party software, or skills, are essential components in Smart Personal Assistants (SPA). The number of skills has grown rapidly, dominated by a changing environment that has no clear business model. Skills can access personal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Jide S Edu , Xavier Ferrer-Aran , Jose M Such , Guillermo Suarez-Tangil

Real-world tool-using agents operate over long-horizon workflows with recurring structure and diverse demands, where effective behavior requires not only invoking atomic tools but also abstracting, and reusing higher-level tool…

Autonomous AI agents deployed on platforms such as OpenClaw face prompt injection, memory poisoning, supply-chain attacks, and social engineering, yet existing defences address only the platform perimeter, leaving the agent's own threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jiaqi Li , Yang Zhao , Bin Sun , Yang Yu , Jian Chang , Lidong Zhai

Tool-augmented Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated impressive capabilities in automating complex, multi-step real-world tasks, yet remain vulnerable to indirect prompt injection. Adversaries exploit this weakness by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Peixin Zhang , Jun Sun

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

LLM agents are evolving rapidly, powered by code execution, tools, and the recently introduced agent skills feature. Skills allow users to extend LLM applications with specialized third-party code, knowledge, and instructions. Although this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 David Schmotz , Luca Beurer-Kellner , Sahar Abdelnabi , Maksym Andriushchenko

Autonomous AI agents extend large language models into full runtime systems that load skills, ingest external content, maintain memory, plan multi-step actions, and invoke privileged tools. In such systems, security failures rarely remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yixiang Zhang , Xinhao Deng , Jiaqing Wu , Yue Xiao , Ke Xu , Qi Li

Tool-augmented LLM agents introduce security risks that extend beyond user-input filtering, including indirect prompt injection through fetched content, unsafe tool execution, credential leakage, and tampering with local control files. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Frank Li

Scientific reasoning inherently demands integrating sophisticated toolkits to navigate domain-specific knowledge. Yet, current benchmarks largely overlook agents' ability to orchestrate tools for such rigorous workflows. To bridge this gap,…

Multi-agent systems increasingly expose explicit workflow structure: agents, tools, tool-access rules, restrictions, and delegation paths. Existing evaluations rely largely on end-to-end task success, benchmark scores, final-response…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Nafiseh Kahani , Mojtaba Bagherzadeh

Recent advances in AI-assisted programming have empowered agents to execute complex workflows via command-line interfaces, however, existing benchmarks are limited by short task horizons, data contamination from GitHub scraping, and a lack…

The evolution of large language models into autonomous agents introduces adversarial failures that exploit legitimate tool privileges, transforming safety evaluation in tool-augmented environments from a subjective NLP task into an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Samuel Nellessen , Tal Kachman

Rapid electrification and decarbonization are increasing the complexity of distribution grid (DG) operation and planning, necessitating advanced computational analyses to ensure reliability and resilience. These analyses depend on disparate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Emmanuel O. Badmus , Peng Sang , Dimitrios Stamoulis , Amritanshu Pandey

Data lakehouses run sensitive workloads, where AI-driven automation raises concerns about trust, correctness, and governance. We argue that API-first, programmable lakehouses provide the right abstractions for safe-by-design, agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jacopo Tagliabue , Ciro Greco

Translating statistical methods into reliable software is a persistent bottleneck in quantitative research. Existing AI code-generation tools produce code quickly but cannot guarantee faithful implementation -- a critical requirement for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tianzhu Qin , Yiqing Xu

Financial AI systems suffer from a critical blind spot: while Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) excels at finding relevant documents, language models still generate calculation errors and regulatory violations during reasoning, even with…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-18 Adewale Akinfaderin , Shreyas Subramanian

The rapid emergence of multi-agent AI systems (MAS), including LangChain, CrewAI, and AutoGen, has shaped how large language model (LLM) applications are developed and orchestrated. However, little is known about how these systems evolve…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Daniel Liu , Krishna Upadhyay , Vinaik Chhetri , A. B. Siddique , Umar Farooq

Artificial intelligence has accelerated materials discovery through high-throughput prediction and generation, yet the decision problem remains a formidable bottleneck. While current AI systems readily propose millions of candidates,…

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into cybersecurity education for criminal justice professionals is currently hindered by the "statelessness" of reactive chatbots and the risk of hallucinations in high-stakes legal contexts.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Baiqiang Wang , Yan Bai , Juan Li

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into the financial domain is driving a paradigm shift from passive information retrieval to dynamic, agentic interaction. While general-purpose tool learning has witnessed a surge in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiaxuan Lu , Kong Wang , Yemin Wang , Qingmei Tang , Hongwei Zeng , Xiang Chen , Jiahao Pi , Shujian Deng , Lingzhi Chen , Yi Fu , Kehua Yang , Xiao Sun