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Deep Reinforcement Learning techniques are achieving state-of-the-art results in robust legged locomotion. While there exists a wide variety of legged platforms such as quadruped, humanoids, and hexapods, the field is still missing a single…

Vision-language-action policies learn manipulation skills across tasks, environments and embodiments through large-scale pre-training. However, their ability to generalize to novel robot configurations remains limited. Most approaches…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Anzhe Chen , Yifei Yang , Zhenjie Zhu , Kechun Xu , Zhongxiang Zhou , Rong Xiong , Yue Wang

Cross-embodiment manipulation is crucial for enhancing the scalability of robot manipulation and reducing the high cost of data collection. However, the significant differences between embodiments, such as variations in action spaces and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Juncheng Mu , Sizhe Yang , Hojin Bae , Feiyu Jia , Qingwei Ben , Boyi Li , Huazhe Xu , Jiangmiao Pang

Learning a universal policy across different robot morphologies can significantly improve learning efficiency and generalization in continuous control. However, it poses a challenging multi-task reinforcement learning problem, as the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Zheng Xiong , Jacob Beck , Shimon Whiteson

Humans are excellent at understanding language and vision to accomplish a wide range of tasks. In contrast, creating general instruction-following embodied agents remains a difficult challenge. Prior work that uses pure language-only models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hao Liu , Lisa Lee , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

Foundation models (FMs) are increasingly used to bridge language and action in embodied agents, yet the operational characteristics of different FM integration strategies remain under-explored -- particularly for complex instruction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xiuchao Sui , Daiying Tian , Qi Sun , Ruirui Chen , Dongkyu Choi , Kenneth Kwok , Soujanya Poria

In recent years, the transformer architecture has become the de facto standard for machine learning algorithms applied to natural language processing and computer vision. Despite notable evidence of successful deployment of this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Carmelo Sferrazza , Dun-Ming Huang , Fangchen Liu , Jongmin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

Modern machine learning systems rely on large datasets to attain broad generalization, and this often poses a challenge in robot learning, where each robotic platform and task might have only a small dataset. By training a single policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Ria Doshi , Homer Walke , Oier Mees , Sudeep Dasari , Sergey Levine

This paper focuses on transferring control policies between robot manipulators with different morphology. While reinforcement learning (RL) methods have shown successful results in robot manipulation tasks, transferring a trained policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Tianyu Wang , Dwait Bhatt , Xiaolong Wang , Nikolay Atanasov

Generalizing control policies to novel embodiments remains a fundamental challenge in enabling scalable and transferable learning in robotics. While prior works have explored this in locomotion, a systematic study in the context of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Meenal Parakh , Alexandre Kirchmeyer , Beining Han , Jia Deng

Robots are traditionally bounded by a fixed embodiment during their operational lifetime, which limits their ability to adapt to their surroundings. Co-optimizing control and morphology of a robot, however, is often inefficient due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Chen Yu , Weinan Zhang , Hang Lai , Zheng Tian , Laurent Kneip , Jun Wang

Morphology-aware policy learning is a means of enhancing policy sample efficiency by aggregating data from multiple agents. These types of policies have previously been shown to help generalize over dynamic, kinematic, and limb…

Vision-Language-Action Models (VLAs) have shown remarkable progress towards embodied intelligence. While their architecture partially resembles that of Large Language Models (LLMs), VLAs exhibit higher complexity due to their multi-modal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Hugo Buurmeijer , Carmen Amo Alonso , Aiden Swann , Marco Pavone

We present a unified framework for multi-task locomotion and manipulation policy learning grounded in a contact-explicit representation. Instead of designing different policies for different tasks, our approach unifies the definition of a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shafeef Omar , Majid Khadiv

Recent years in robotics and imitation learning have shown remarkable progress in training large-scale foundation models by leveraging data across a multitude of embodiments. The success of such policies might lead us to wonder: just how…

Learning universal policies from cross-embodied data remains a fundamental challenge in robotics. Although Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are pre-trained on large and diverse datasets, they typically rely on embodiment-specific…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Boyu Li , Chaoyi Xu , Haoqi Yuan , Xinrun Xu , Börje F. Karlsson , Dongbin Zhao , Haoran Li , Zongqing Lu

Reusing large datasets is crucial to scale vision-based robotic manipulators to everyday scenarios due to the high cost of collecting robotic datasets. However, robotic platforms possess varying control schemes, camera viewpoints, kinematic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Jonathan Yang , Dorsa Sadigh , Chelsea Finn

Generating robot motion that fulfills multiple tasks simultaneously is challenging due to the geometric constraints imposed by the robot. In this paper, we propose to solve multi-task problems through learning structured policies from human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-12 M. Asif Rana , Anqi Li , Dieter Fox , Sonia Chernova , Byron Boots , Nathan Ratliff

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently enabled embodied agents to perform increasingly complex tasks by jointly reasoning over visual, linguistic, and motor modalities. However, we find that the prevailing notion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zhuofan Li , Hongkun Yang , Zhenyang Chen , Yangxuan Chen , Yingyan , Lin , Chaojian Li

Robotic systems are increasingly expected to operate in human-centered, unstructured environments where safety, adaptability, and generalization are essential. Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have been proposed as a language guided…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Haochen Su , Cristian Meo , Francesco Stella , Andrea Peirone , Kai Junge , Josie Hughes
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