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Artificial swarm systems have been extensively studied and used in computer science, robotics, engineering and other technological fields, primarily as a platform for implementing robust distributed systems to achieve pre-defined…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Hiroki Sayama

Scientific datasets play a crucial role in contemporary data-driven research, as they allow for the progress of science by facilitating the discovery of new patterns and phenomena. This mounting demand for empirical research raises…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Yulin Yu , Daniel M. Romero

Many researches have discussed the phenomenon and definition of sharing economy, but an understanding of sharing economy's reconstructions of the world remains elusive. We illustrate the mechanism of sharing economy's reconstructions of the…

General Economics · Economics 2020-01-27 Dingju Zhu

This is a review article for Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Science, to be published by Springer http://refworks.springer.com/complexity/. The paper reviews statistical models for money, wealth, and income distributions developed in…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-06-06 Victor M. Yakovenko

Recent advances in human mobility research have revealed consistent pairwise characteristics in movement behavior, yet existing mobility models often overlook the spatial and topological structure of mobility networks. By analyzing millions…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-22 Lu Zhong , Lei Dong , Qi Wang , Chaoming Song , Jianxi Gao

Different voters behave differently, different governments make different decisions, or different organizations are ruled differently. Many research questions important to political scientists concern choice behavior, which involves dealing…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-06 Gerhard Tutz , Ingrid Mauerer

Dynamical processes, such as the diffusion of knowledge, opinions, pathogens, "fake news", innovation, and others, are highly dependent on the structure of the social network on which they occur. However, questions on why most social…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-05-13 Demival Vasques Filho , Dion R. J. O'Neale

Accurate modeling of opinion dynamics has the potential to help us understand polarization and what makes effective political discourse possible or impossible. Here, we use physics-based methods to model the evolution of political opinions…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-10-07 David Sabin-Miller , Daniel M. Abrams

This paper surveys the literature on theories of discrimination, focusing mainly on new contributions. Recent theories expand on the traditional taste-based and statistical discrimination frameworks by considering specific features of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-01-01 Paula Onuchic

Engineering sciences, such as energy system research, play an important role in developing solutions to technical, environmental, economic, and social challenges of our modern society. In this context, the transformation of energy systems…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Oliver Karras , Jan Göpfert , Patrick Kuckertz , Tristan Pelser , Sören Auer

Nowadays, both the amount of cyberattacks and their sophistication have considerably increased, and their prevention is of concern of most of organizations. Cooperation by means of information sharing is a promising strategy to address this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-01 Roberto Garrido-Pelaz , Lorena Gozalez-Manzano , Sergio Pastrana

Finite mixture models have been a very important tool for exploring complex data structures in many scientific areas, for example, economics, epidemiology, finance. In the past decade, semiparametric techniques have been popularly…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-15 Sijia Xiang , Weixin Yao , Guangren Yang

Graphs are commonly used in machine learning to model relationships between instances. Consider the task of predicting the political preferences of users in a social network; to solve this task one should consider, both, the features of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Clemens Damke , Eyke Hüllermeier

Modern software systems provide many configuration options which significantly influence their non-functional properties. To understand and predict the effect of configuration options, several sampling and learning strategies have been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-08 Pooyan Jamshidi , Norbert Siegmund , Miguel Velez , Christian Kästner , Akshay Patel , Yuvraj Agarwal

Transfer learning where the behavior of extracting transferable knowledge from the source domain(s) and reusing this knowledge to target domain has become a research area of great interest in the field of artificial intelligence.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Junyu Xuan , Jie Lu , Guangquan Zhang

Scientific discovery is shaped by scientists' choices and thus by their career patterns. The increasing knowledge required to work at the frontier of science makes it harder for an individual to embark on unexplored paths. Yet…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-09-28 Giorgio Tripodi , Francesca Chiaromonte , Fabrizio Lillo

Models of strategy evolution on static networks help us understand how population structure can promote the spread of traits like cooperation. One key mechanism is the formation of altruistic spatial clusters, where neighbors of a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-09-07 Qi Su , Alex McAvoy , Joshua B. Plotkin

Transfer learning enhances prediction accuracy on a target distribution by leveraging data from a source distribution, demonstrating significant benefits in various applications. This paper introduces a novel dissimilarity measure that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-12 Mitsuhiro Fujikawa , Yohei Akimoto , Jun Sakuma , Kazuto Fukuchi

Aggregated phenomena in social sciences and economics are highly dependent on the way individuals interact. To help understanding the interplay between socio-economic activities and underlying social networks, this paper studies a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 David Chavalarias

In type-and-coeffect systems, contexts are enriched by coeffects modeling how they are actually used, typically through annotations on single variables. Coeffects are computed bottom-up, combining, for each term, the coeffects of its…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Riccardo Bianchini , Francesco Dagnino , Paola Giannini , Elena Zucca , Marco Servetto