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Automatic skin lesion classification from dermoscopy images is important for the early diagnosis of skin diseases such as melanoma. Class imbalance in skin lesion datasets, notably the defects in the representation of malignant(cancerous)…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-19 Ariful Islam Khandaker , Abdullah Al Shafi , Mohiuddin Ahmad

Predicting the response of a patient to a cancer treatment is of high interest. Nonetheless, this task is still challenging from a medical point of view due to the complexity of the interaction between the patient organism and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Bilel Guetarni , Feryal Windal , Halim Benhabiles , Mahfoud Chaibi , Romain Dubois , Emmanuelle Leteurtre , Dominique Collard

Histopathological images are essential for medical diagnosis and treatment planning, but interpreting them accurately using machine learning can be challenging due to variations in tissue preparation, staining and imaging protocols. Domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Vaibhav Khamankar , Sutanu Bera , Saumik Bhattacharya , Debashis Sen , Prabir Kumar Biswas

It is a critical task to evalaute HER2 expression level accurately for breast cancer evaluation and targeted treatment therapy selection. However, the standard multi-step Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining is resource-intensive, expensive,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Peide Zhu , Linbin Lu , Zhiqin Chen , Xiong Chen

Identifying new disease-related patterns in medical imaging data with the help of machine learning enlarges the vocabulary of recognizable findings. This supports diagnostic and prognostic assessment. However, image appearance varies not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jeanny Pan , Philipp Seeböck , Christoph Fürböck , Svitlana Pochepnia , Jennifer Straub , Lucian Beer , Helmut Prosch , Georg Langs

Few-shot learning is a standard practice in most deep learning based histopathology image segmentation, given the relatively low number of digitized slides that are generally available. While many models have been developed for domain…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-01 Zheng Yuan , Andre Esteva , Ran Xu

Recent advancements in foundation models have transformed computer vision, driving significant performance improvements across diverse domains, including digital histopathology. However, the advantages of domain-specific histopathology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Valentina Vadori , Antonella Peruffo , Jean-Marie Graïc , Livio Finos , Enrico Grisan

Recent advancements in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have attracted interest in their generalization capability with only a few samples in the prompt. This progress is particularly relevant to the medical domain, where the quality and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Seonhee Cho , Choonghan Kim , Jiho Lee , Chetan Chilkunda , Sujin Choi , Joo Heung Yoon

Malignant brain tumors have become an aggressive and dangerous disease that leads to death worldwide.Multi-modal MRI data is crucial for accurate brain tumor segmentation, but missing modalities common in clinical practice can severely…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-11 Guoyan Liang , Qin Zhou , Jingyuan Chen , Bingcang Huang , Kai Chen , Lin Gu , Zhe Wang , Sai Wu , Chang Yao

For machine learning-based prognosis and diagnosis of rare diseases, such as pediatric brain tumors, it is necessary to gather medical imaging data from multiple clinical sites that may use different devices and protocols. Deep…

Despite notable advancements, the integration of deep learning (DL) techniques into impactful clinical applications, particularly in the realm of digital histopathology, has been hindered by challenges associated with achieving robust…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-04 Sebastian Doerrich , Francesco Di Salvo , Christian Ledig

We present a compact encoder for image categorization that emphasizes computation economy through content-conditioned multi-pass processing. The model employs a single lightweight core block that can be re-applied a small number of times,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 YiZhou Li

Although deep learning models in medical imaging often achieve excellent classification performance, they can rely on shortcut learning, exploiting spurious correlations or confounding factors that are not causally related to the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sarah Müller , Philipp Berens

The development of vision-language models (VLMs) for histo-pathology has shown promising new usages and zero-shot performances. However, current approaches, which decompose large slides into smaller patches, focus solely on inductive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Maxime Zanella , Fereshteh Shakeri , Yunshi Huang , Houda Bahig , Ismail Ben Ayed

In recent years, histopathology images have been increasingly used as a diagnostic tool in the medical field. The process of accurately diagnosing a biopsy sample requires significant expertise in the field, and as such can be…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-24 Alison K. Cheeseman , Hamid Tizhoosh , Edward R. Vrscay

The analysis of physiological time series, such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and photoplethysmograms (PPG), is persistently hindered by modality and frequency gaps stemming from heterogeneous recording devices. Existing foundation models…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Bo Cui , Xiaowen Song , Yaowen Zhang , Shunzhe Zhang , B. J. F. van Beijnum , Monique Tabak , Ying Wang

Deep learning advances have revolutionized automated digital pathology analysis. However, differences in staining protocols and imaging conditions can introduce significant color variability. In deep learning, such color inconsistency often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Tianyue Xu , Yanlin Wu , Abhai K. Tripathi , Matthew M. Ippolito , Benjamin D. Haeffele

Langevin Monte Carlo (LMC) is an iterative algorithm used to generate samples from a distribution that is known only up to a normalizing constant. The nonasymptotic dependence of its mixing time on the dimension and target accuracy is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-26 Niladri S. Chatterji , Jelena Diakonikolas , Michael I. Jordan , Peter L. Bartlett

Deep neural network based methods have achieved promising results for CT metal artifact reduction (MAR), most of which use many synthesized paired images for training. As synthesized metal artifacts in CT images may not accurately reflect…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-09 Chuang Niu , Wenxiang Cong , Fenglei Fan , Hongming Shan , Mengzhou Li , Jimin Liang , Ge Wang

Conventional and deep learning-based methods have shown great potential in the medical imaging domain, as means for deriving diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, and by contributing to precision medicine. However, these…