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Learning to sample from complex unnormalized distributions is a fundamental challenge in computational physics and machine learning. While score-based and variational methods have achieved success in continuous domains, extending them to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-11 Lei Li , Zhen Wang , Lishuo Zhang

Gaussian graphical models are widely used to infer dependence structures. Bayesian methods are appealing to quantify uncertainty associated with structural learning, i.e., the plausibility of conditional independence statements given the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-05 Deborah Sulem , Jack Jewson , David Rossell

Quantifying the impacts of anthropogenic global warming requires accurate Earth system model (ESM) simulations. Statistical bias correction and downscaling can be applied to reduce errors and increase the resolution of ESMs. However,…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-06-24 Philipp Hess , Niklas Boers

Super-resolving the coarse outputs of global climate simulations, termed downscaling, is crucial in making political and social decisions on systems requiring long-term climate change projections. Existing fast super-resolution techniques,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Norihiro Oyama , Noriko N. Ishizaki , Satoshi Koide , Hiroaki Yoshida

Inference for spatial generalized linear mixed models (SGLMMs) for high-dimensional non-Gaussian spatial data is computationally intensive. The computational challenge is due to the high-dimensional random effects and because Markov chain…

Computation · Statistics 2018-10-09 Yawen Guan , Murali Haran

We propose a new model for regression and dependence analysis when addressing spatial data with possibly heavy tails and an asymmetric marginal distribution. We first propose a stationary process with $t$ marginals obtained through scale…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-20 M. Bevilacqua , C. Caamaño , R. B. Arellano Valle , V. Morales-Onñate

Obtaining high-resolution maps of precipitation data can provide key insights to stakeholders to assess a sustainable access to water resources at urban scale. Mapping a nonstationary, sparse process such as precipitation at very high…

Applications · Statistics 2023-02-08 Jiachen Zhang , Matthew Bonas , Diogo Bolster , Geir-Arne Fuglstad , Stefano Castruccio

Large ensembles of climate projections are essential for characterizing uncertainty in future climate and extreme weather events, yet computational constraints of numerical climate models limit ensemble sizes to a small number of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Francesco Immorlano , Elijah Tavares , Felix Draxler , Padhraic Smyth , Pierre Gentine , Stephan Mandt

Downscaling aims to link the behaviour of the atmosphere at fine scales to properties measurable at coarser scales, and has the potential to provide high resolution information at a lower computational and storage cost than numerical…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Rachel Prudden , Niall Robinson , Peter Challenor , Richard Everson

Understanding and predicting environmental phenomena often requires the construction of spatio-temporal statistical models, which are typically Gaussian processes. A common assumption made on Gaussian processes is that of covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-17 Quan Vu , Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Stephen J. Chuter

Most operational climate services providers base their seasonal predictions on initialised general circulation models (GCMs) or statistical techniques that fit past observations. GCMs require substantial computational resources, which…

Accurate modeling of spatial dependence is pivotal in analyzing spatial data, influencing parameter estimation and predictions. The spatial structure of the data significantly impacts valid statistical inference. Existing models for areal…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-11 Lucas da Cunha Godoy , Marcos Oliveira Prates , Jun Yan

Accurate and robust weather forecasting remains a fundamental challenge due to the inherent spatio-temporal complexity of atmospheric systems. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised learning framework that leverages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yao Liu

Gaussian processes (GP) are Bayesian non-parametric models that are widely used for probabilistic regression. Unfortunately, it cannot scale well with large data nor perform real-time predictions due to its cubic time cost in the data size.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Jie Chen , Nannan Cao , Kian Hsiang Low , Ruofei Ouyang , Colin Keng-Yan Tan , Patrick Jaillet

Gaussian processes (GP) are Bayesian non-parametric models that are widely used for probabilistic regression. Unfortunately, it cannot scale well with large data nor perform real-time predictions due to its cubic time cost in the data size.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-27 Jie Chen , Nannan Cao , Kian Hsiang Low , Ruofei Ouyang , Colin Keng-Yan Tan , Patrick Jaillet

Hydroclimatic processes are characterized by heterogeneous spatiotemporal correlation structures and marginal distributions that can be continuous, mixed-type, discrete or even binary. Simulating exactly such processes can greatly improve…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-24 Simon Michael Papalexiou

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a popular class of Bayesian nonparametric models, but its training can be computationally burdensome for massive training datasets. While there has been notable work on scaling up these models for big data,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-16 Kevin Li , Simon Mak

Nonparametric regression for massive numbers of samples (n) and features (p) is an increasingly important problem. In big n settings, a common strategy is to partition the feature space, and then separately apply simple models to each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-10 Rajarshi Guhaniyogi , David B. Dunson

We develop Bayesian predictive stacking for geostatistical models, where the primary inferential objective is to provide inference on the latent spatial random field and conduct spatial predictions at arbitrary locations. We exploit…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-25 Lu Zhang , Wenpin Tang , Sudipto Banerjee

Gaussian splatting, renowned for its exceptional rendering quality and efficiency, has emerged as a prominent technique in 3D scene representation. However, the substantial data volume of Gaussian splatting impedes its practical utility in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xiangrui Liu , Xinju Wu , Pingping Zhang , Shiqi Wang , Zhu Li , Sam Kwong
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