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Document layout analysis aims to detect and categorize structural elements (e.g., titles, tables, figures) in scanned or digital documents. Popular methods often rely on high-quality Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to merge visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Fuyuan Liu , Dianyu Yu , He Ren , Nayu Liu , Xiaomian Kang , Delai Qiu , Fa Zhang , Genpeng Zhen , Shengping Liu , Jiaen Liang , Wei Huang , Yining Wang , Junnan Zhu

The rise of multi-modal search requests from users has highlighted the importance of multi-modal retrieval (i.e. image-to-text or text-to-image retrieval), yet the more complex task of image-to-multi-modal retrieval, crucial for many…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Zida Cheng , Chen Ju , Shuai Xiao , Xu Chen , Zhonghua Zhai , Xiaoyi Zeng , Weilin Huang , Junchi Yan

Extracting information from unstructured text documents is a demanding task, since these documents can have a broad variety of different layouts and a non-trivial reading order, like it is the case for multi-column documents or nested…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Matthias Engelbach , Dennis Klau , Jens Drawehn , Maximilien Kintz

Large language model (LLM) agents are becoming competent at straightforward web tasks, such as opening an item page or submitting a form, but still struggle with objectives that require long horizon navigation, large scale information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Jingbo Yang , Bairu Hou , Wei Wei , Shiyu Chang , Yujia Bao

AI search depends on linking large language models (LLMs) with vast external knowledge sources. Yet web pages, PDF files, and other raw documents are not inherently LLM-ready: they are long, noisy, and unstructured. Conventional retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Hongjin Qian , Zheng Liu

Multi-intent natural language understanding requires retrieval systems that simultaneously achieve high accuracy and computational efficiency, yet existing approaches apply either uniform single-step retrieval that compromises recall or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hee-Kyong Yoo , Wonbae Kim , Hyocheol Ahn

Visual Document Retrieval (VDR) models mostly rely on late interaction architectures, in which documents are represented by a set of local patch embeddings and then matched against query tokens. While efficient, this architecture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pascal Tilli , Mohsen Mesgar

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has provided unprecedented capabilities for analyzing unstructured text data. However, deploying these models as reliable, robust, and scalable classifiers in production environments presents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Doohee You , Andy Parisi , Zach Vander Velden , Lara Dantas Inojosa

Importance of document clustering is now widely acknowledged by researchers for better management, smart navigation, efficient filtering, and concise summarization of large collection of documents like World Wide Web (WWW). The next…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2011-12-30 Muhammad Rafi , M. Shahid Shaikh , Amir Farooq

Despite the rapid growth of context length of large language models (LLMs) , LLMs still perform poorly in long document summarization. An important reason for this is that relevant information about an event is scattered throughout long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Taiji Li , Hao Chen , Fei Yu , Yin Zhang

Information Retrieval (IR) methods aim to identify documents relevant to a query, which have been widely applied in various natural language tasks. However, existing approaches typically consider only the textual content within documents,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jaewoo Lee , Joonho Ko , Jinheon Baek , Soyeong Jeong , Sung Ju Hwang

Deep Research systems have revolutionized how LLMs solve complex questions through iterative reasoning and evidence gathering. However, current systems remain fundamentally constrained to textual web data, overlooking the vast knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Kuicai Dong , Shurui Huang , Fangda Ye , Wei Han , Zhi Zhang , Dexun Li , Wenjun Li , Qu Yang , Gang Wang , Yichao Wang , Chen Zhang , Yong Liu

Recent advancements in deep learning techniques have transformed the area of semantic text matching. However, most state-of-the-art models are designed to operate with short documents such as tweets, user reviews, comments, etc. These…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Akshita Jha , Vineeth Rakesh , Jaideep Chandrashekar , Adithya Samavedhi , Chandan K. Reddy

Reading comprehension models are based on recurrent neural networks that sequentially process the document tokens. As interest turns to answering more complex questions over longer documents, sequential reading of large portions of text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Mor Geva , Jonathan Berant

Open-domain long-form text generation requires generating coherent, comprehensive responses that address complex queries with both breadth and depth. This task is challenging due to the need to accurately capture diverse facets of input…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Kashob Kumar Roy , Pritom Saha Akash , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang , Lucian Popa

Harnessing the full potential of visually-rich documents requires retrieval systems that understand not just text, but intricate layouts, a core challenge in Visual Document Retrieval (VDR). The prevailing multi-vector architectures, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yibo Yan , Mingdong Ou , Yi Cao , Xin Zou , Shuliang Liu , Jiahao Huo , Yu Huang , James Kwok , Xuming Hu

A common way to explore text corpora is through low-dimensional projections of the documents, where one hopes that thematically similar documents will be clustered together in the projected space. However, popular algorithms for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Charumathi Badrinath , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

This paper has proposed a Graph - semantic based conceptual model for semi-structured database system, called GOOSSDM, to conceptualize the different facets of such system in object oriented paradigm. The model defines a set of graph based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-02-22 Anirban Sarkar

Layouts and sub-layouts constitute an important clue while searching a document on the basis of its structure, or when textual content is unknown/irrelevant. A sub-layout specifies the arrangement of document entities within a smaller…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Anukriti Bansal , Sumantra Dutta Roy , Gaurav Harit

In this paper, we address the problem of classifying documents available from the global network of (open access) repositories according to their type. We show that the metadata provided by repositories enabling us to distinguish research…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Aristotelis Charalampous , Petr Knoth