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Bootstrapping large language models (LLMs) through preference-based policy optimization offers a promising direction for aligning model behavior with human preferences without relying on extensive manual annotations. In this work, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Chen Jia

Gaussian processes are the model of choice in Bayesian optimization and active learning. Yet, they are highly dependent on cleverly chosen hyperparameters to reach their full potential, and little effort is devoted to finding good…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Carl Hvarfner , Erik Hellsten , Frank Hutter , Luigi Nardi

We present a novel preference learning framework to capture participant preferences efficiently within limited interaction rounds. It involves three main contributions. First, we develop a variational Bayesian approach to infer the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yan Wang , Jiapeng Liu , Milosz Kadziński , Xiuwu Liao

State-of-the-art multi-objective optimization often assumes a known utility function, learns it interactively, or computes the full Pareto front-each requiring costly expert input.~Real-world problems, however, involve implicit preferences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Farha A. Khan , Tanmay Chakraborty , Jörg P. Dietrich , Christian Wirth

Realizing high-throughput aberration-corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) exploration of atomic structures requires rapid tuning of multipole probe correctors while compensating for the inevitable drift of the optical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Utkarsh Pratiush , Austin Houston , Richard Liu , Gerd Duscher , Sergei Kalinin

Machine learning (ML) methods offer a wide range of configurable hyperparameters that have a significant influence on their performance. While accuracy is a commonly used performance objective, in many settings, it is not sufficient.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Romain Egele , Tyler Chang , Yixuan Sun , Venkatram Vishwanath , Prasanna Balaprakash

One drawback of evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithms (EMOA) has traditionally been high computational cost to create an approximation of the Pareto front: number of required objective function evaluations usually grows high.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Timo Aittokoski , Suvi Tarkkanen

Bayesian optimization is popular for optimizing time-consuming black-box objectives. Nonetheless, for hyperparameter tuning in deep neural networks, the time required to evaluate the validation error for even a few hyperparameter settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Jian Wu , Saul Toscano-Palmerin , Peter I. Frazier , Andrew Gordon Wilson

A central concern in an interactive intelligent system is optimization of its actions, to be maximally helpful to its human user. In recommender systems for instance, the action is to choose what to recommend, and the optimization task is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Fabio Colella , Pedram Daee , Jussi Jokinen , Antti Oulasvirta , Samuel Kaski

This paper presents a personalized gait optimization framework for lower-body exoskeletons. Rather than optimizing numerical objectives such as the mechanical cost of transport, our approach directly learns from user preferences, e.g., for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Maegan Tucker , Ellen Novoseller , Claudia Kann , Yanan Sui , Yisong Yue , Joel Burdick , Aaron D. Ames

Lookahead, also known as non-myopic, Bayesian optimization (BO) aims to find optimal sampling policies through solving a dynamic program (DP) that maximizes a long-term reward over a rolling horizon. Though promising, lookahead BO faces the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Xubo Yue , Raed Al Kontar

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a method for globally optimizing black-box functions. While BO has been successfully applied to many scenarios, developing effective BO algorithms that scale to functions with high-dimensional domains is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Yihang Shen , Carl Kingsford

Robot design is often a slow and difficult process requiring the iterative construction and testing of prototypes, with the goal of sequentially optimizing the design. For most robots, this process is further complicated by the need, when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Thomas Liao , Grant Wang , Brian Yang , Rene Lee , Kristofer Pister , Sergey Levine , Roberto Calandra

We consider Bayesian optimization of expensive-to-evaluate experiments that generate vector-valued outcomes over which a decision-maker (DM) has preferences. These preferences are encoded by a utility function that is not known in closed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Zhiyuan Jerry Lin , Raul Astudillo , Peter I. Frazier , Eytan Bakshy

In this paper, we consider a robot navigation problem in environments populated by humans. The goal is to determine collision-free and dynamically feasible trajectories that also maximize human satisfaction. This is because they may drive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Yijie Zhou , Yan Zhang , Xusheng Luo , Michael M. Zavlanos

Mathematical reasoning presents a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs) due to the extensive and precise chain of reasoning required for accuracy. Ensuring the correctness of each reasoning step is critical. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Xin Lai , Zhuotao Tian , Yukang Chen , Senqiao Yang , Xiangru Peng , Jiaya Jia

In multi-objective decision planning and learning, much attention is paid to producing optimal solution sets that contain an optimal policy for every possible user preference profile. We argue that the step that follows, i.e, determining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Luisa M Zintgraf , Diederik M Roijers , Sjoerd Linders , Catholijn M Jonker , Ann Nowé

Offline preference optimization methods are efficient for large language models (LLMs) alignment. Direct Preference optimization (DPO)-like learning, one of the most popular approaches, stands out for its efficiency in reward modeling.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xiaobo Wang , Zixia Jia , Jiaqi Li , Qi Liu , Zilong Zheng

Aligning AI systems to users' interests requires understanding and incorporating humans' complex values and preferences. Recently, language models (LMs) have been used to gather information about the preferences of human users. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Kunal Handa , Yarin Gal , Ellie Pavlick , Noah Goodman , Jacob Andreas , Alex Tamkin , Belinda Z. Li

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an integral part of automated scientific discovery -- the so-called self-driving lab -- where human inputs are ideally minimal or at least non-blocking. However, scientists often have strong intuition, and thus…

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