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In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI), generative large language models (LLMs) stand at the forefront, revolutionizing how we interact with our data. However, the computational intensity and memory consumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Xupeng Miao , Gabriele Oliaro , Zhihao Zhang , Xinhao Cheng , Hongyi Jin , Tianqi Chen , Zhihao Jia

Many leading language models (LMs) use high-intensity computational resources both during training and execution. This poses the challenge of lowering resource costs for deployment and faster execution of decision-making tasks among others.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Zhixun Chen , Yali Du , David Mguni

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in a significant knowledge gap between the open-source community and industry, primarily because the latter relies on closed-source, high-quality data and training recipes.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Kairong Luo , Zhenbo Sun , Xinyu Shi , Shengqi Chen , Bowen Yu , Yunyi Chen , Chenyi Dang , Hengtao Tao , Hui Wang , Fangming Liu , Kaifeng Lyu , Wenguang Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) present a critical trade-off between inference quality and computational cost: larger models offer superior capabilities but incur significant latency, while smaller models are faster but less powerful. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Hang Wu , Jianian Zhu , Yinghui Li , Haojie Wang , Biao Hou , Jidong Zhai

Single large language models (LLMs) often fall short when faced with the ever-growing range of tasks, making a single-model approach insufficient. We address this challenge by proposing ORI (O Routing Intelligence), a dynamic framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ahmad Shadid , Rahul Kumar , Mohit Mayank

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a pivotal technology in the post-training phase of large language models (LLMs). Traditional task-colocated RL frameworks suffer from significant scalability bottlenecks, while task-separated RL…

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet the choice of which model to use often involves a trade-off between performance and cost. More powerful models, though effective, come with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Isaac Ong , Amjad Almahairi , Vincent Wu , Wei-Lin Chiang , Tianhao Wu , Joseph E. Gonzalez , M Waleed Kadous , Ion Stoica

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities surpassing conventional NLP challenges, creating opportunities for use in production use cases. Towards this goal, there is a notable shift to building compound AI systems,…

Recurrent neural networks have shown remarkable success in modeling sequences. However low resource situations still adversely affect the generalizability of these models. We introduce a new family of models, called Lattice Recurrent Units…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Chaitanya Ahuja , Louis-Philippe Morency

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse applications, yet their deployment remains challenging due to substantial computational costs, memory requirements, and energy consumption. Recent empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kaito Tanaka , Masato Ito , Yuji Nishimura , Keisuke Matsuda , Aya Nakayama

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically generate outputs token by token using a fixed compute budget, leading to inefficient resource utilization. To address this shortcoming, recent advancements in mixture of expert (MoE) models,…

Model merging aggregates Large Language Models (LLMs) finetuned on different tasks into a stronger one. However, parameter conflicts between models leads to performance degradation in averaging. While model routing addresses this issue by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Kunfeng Lai , Zhenheng Tang , Xinglin Pan , Peijie Dong , Xiang Liu , Haolan Chen , Li Shen , Bo Li , Xiaowen Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to demonstrate superior performance with increasing scale, yet training models with billions to trillions of parameters requires staggering computational resources, e.g. a one-trillion-parameter…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ajay Navilarekal Rajgopal , Nikolai Solmsdorf

This paper explores the multi-dimensional challenges faced during the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), including the massive scale of model parameters and file sizes, the complexity of development environment configuration, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Wilson Wei , Nicholas Chen , Yuxuan Li

Planning for an upcoming project iteration (sprint) is one of the key activities in Scrum planning. In this paper, we present our work in progress on exploring the applicability of Large Language Models (LLMs) for solving this problem. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yuwon Yoon , Kevin Iwan , Madeleine Zwart , Xiaohan Qin , Hina Lee , Maria Spichkova

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated immense potential in advancing artificial general intelligence, agentic intelligence, and embodied intelligence. However, the inherent heterogeneity and dynamicity of RL workflows often lead to…

Large Language Model (LLM) inference on large-scale systems is expected to dominate future cloud infrastructures. Efficient LLM inference in cloud environments with numerous AI accelerators is challenging, necessitating extensive…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Ilias Bournias , Lukas Cavigelli , Georgios Zacharopoulos

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3, OPT, and LLaMA have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in a wide range of tasks. However, training these models can incur significant expenses, often requiring tens of thousands of GPUs for months…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Fei Yang , Shuang Peng , Ning Sun , Fangyu Wang , Yuanyuan Wang , Fu Wu , Jiezhong Qiu , Aimin Pan

Effective pre-training of large language models (LLMs) has been challenging due to the immense resource demands and the complexity of the technical processes involved. This paper presents a detailed technical report on YuLan-Mini, a highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yiwen Hu , Huatong Song , Jia Deng , Jiapeng Wang , Jie Chen , Kun Zhou , Yutao Zhu , Jinhao Jiang , Zican Dong , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recommender systems for predicting Click-Through Rates (CTR) necessitates a delicate balance between computational efficiency and predictive accuracy. This paper presents an optimization…