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We provide a complete characterization of the randomized Kaczmarz algorithm (RKA) for inconsistent linear systems. The Kaczmarz algorithm, known in some fields as the algebraic reconstruction technique, is a classical method for solving…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-02-05 Chuang Wang , Ameya Agaskar , Yue M. Lu

Randomized iterative algorithms have recently been proposed to solve large-scale linear systems. In this paper, we present a simple randomized extended block Kaczmarz algorithm that exponentially converges in the mean square to the unique…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-09 Kui Du , Wutao Si , Xiaohui Sun

We investigate the randomized Kaczmarz method that adaptively updates the stepsize using readily available information for solving inconsistent linear systems. A novel geometric interpretation is provided which shows that the proposed…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-17 Yun Zeng , Deren Han , Yansheng Su , Jiaxin Xie

Linear regression is effective at identifying interpretable trends in a data set, but averages out potentially different effects on subgroups within data. We propose an iterative algorithm based on the randomized Kaczmarz (RK) method to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Erin George , Yotam Yaniv , Deanna Needell

The randomized extended Kaczmarz method, proposed by Zouzias and Freris (SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 34: 773-793, 2013), is appealing for solving least-squares problems. However, its randomly selecting rows and columns of A with probability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Xin-Fang Zhang , Meng-Long Xiao , Tao Li

In this paper, we consider a novel two-dimensional randomized Kaczmarz method and its improved version with simple random sampling, which chooses two active rows with probability proportional to the square of their cross-product-like…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Tao Li , Meng-Long Xiao , Xin-Fang Zhang

Randomized Kaczmarz (RK) is a simple and fast solver for consistent overdetermined systems, but it is known to be fragile under noise. We study overdetermined $m\times n$ linear systems with a sparse set of corrupted equations, $ {\bf…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Sofiia Shvaiko , Longxiu Huang , Elizaveta Rebrova

The Kaczmarz method is an iterative algorithm for solving systems of linear equalities and inequalities, that iteratively projects onto these constraints. Recently, Strohmer and Vershynin [J. Fourier Anal. Appl., 15(2):262-278, 2009] gave a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-12-26 Julie Nutini , Behrooz Sepehry , Issam Laradji , Mark Schmidt , Hoyt Koepke , Alim Virani

The randomzied Kaczmarz method, along with its recently developed variants, has become a popular tool for dealing with large-scale linear systems. However, these methods usually fail to converge when the linear systems are affected by heavy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-09 Lu Zhang , Hongxia Wang , Hui Zhang

The randomized Kaczmarz method is an iterative algorithm that solves overdetermined systems of linear equations. Recently, the method was extended to systems of equalities and inequalities by Leventhal and Lewis. Even more recently, Needell…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-09-04 Jonathan Briskman , Deanna Needell

The randomized Kaczmarz method and its accelerated variants are a powerful class of iterative methods for solving large-scale linear systems, offering guaranteed convergence with low per-iteration cost. However, their numerical stability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Michał Dereziński , Ethan N. Epperly , Deanna Needell , Alexander Xue

For solving large consistent linear systems by iteration methods, inspired by the maximum residual Kaczmarz method and the randomized block Kaczmarz method, we propose the maximum residual block Kaczmarz method, which is designed to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Wen-Ning Sun , Mei Qin

The Kaczmarz method is successfully used for solving discretizations of linear inverse problems, especially in computed tomography where it is known as ART. Practitioners often observe and appreciate its fast convergence in the first few…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Per Christian Hansen , Michiel E. Hochstenbach

We present a new framework for the analysis and design of randomized algorithms for solving various types of linear systems, including consistent or inconsistent, full rank or rank-deficient. Our method is formulated with four randomized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-25 Deren Han , Jiaxin Xie

The Kaczmarz method is an iterative projection scheme for solving con-sistent system $Ax = b$. It is later extended to the inconsistent and ill-posed linear problems. But the classical Kaczmarz method is sensitive to the correlation of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-04 Chuan-gang Kang , Heng Zhou

The Bregman-Kaczmarz method is an iterative method which can solve strongly convex problems with linear constraints and uses only one or a selected number of rows of the system matrix in each iteration, thereby making it amenable for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-31 Dirk A. Lorenz , Maximilian Winkler

In this paper, combining count sketch and maximal weighted residual Kaczmarz method, we propose a fast randomized algorithm for large overdetermined linear systems. Convergence analysis of the new algorithm is provided. Numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-07 Yanjun Zhang , Hanyu Li

Kaczmarz is one of the most prominent iterative solvers for linear systems of equations. Despite substantial research progress in recent years, the state-of-the-art Kaczmarz algorithms have not fully resolved the seesaw effect, a major…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Aneesh Panchal , Ratikanta Behera

Large-scale linear systems, $Ax=b$, frequently arise in practice and demand effective iterative solvers. Often, these systems are noisy due to operational errors or faulty data-collection processes. In the past decade, the randomized…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-26 El Houcine Bergou , Soumia Boucherouite , Aritra Dutta , Xin Li , Anna Ma

The randomized sparse Kaczmarz method, designed for seeking the sparse solutions of the linear systems $Ax=b$, selects the $i$-th projection hyperplane with likelihood proportional to $\|a_{i}\|_2^2$, where $a_{i}^T$ is $i$-th row of $A$.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Lu Zhang , Ziyang Yuan , Hongxia Wang , Hui Zhang