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We consider a sparse i.i.d.\ non-Hermitian random matrix model $X_n$ (with sparsity parameter $K_n$) and a deterministic finite-rank perturbation $E_n$. Assuming biorthogonality for $E_n$ and a growth condition on $K_n$, we outline a…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Miltiadis Galanis , Michail Louvaris

Consider a real diagonal deterministic matrix $X_n$ of size $n$ with spectral measure converging to a compactly supported probability measure. We perturb this matrix by adding a random finite rank matrix, with delocalized eigenvectors. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-21 Florent Benaych-Georges , Alice Guionnet , Mylène Maïda

Consider a deterministic self-adjoint matrix X_n with spectral measure converging to a compactly supported probability measure, the largest and smallest eigenvalues converging to the edges of the limiting measure. We perturb this matrix by…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-05 Florent Benaych-Georges , Alice Guionnet , Mylène Maïda

Let $A_n$ be an $n \times n$ deterministic matrix and $\Sigma_n$ be a deterministic non-negative matrix such that $A_n$ and $\Sigma_n$ converge in $*$-moments to operators $a$ and $\Sigma$ respectively in some $W^*$-probability space. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Ching-Wei Ho , Zhi Yin , Ping Zhong

We consider random matrices of the form $H = W + \lambda V$, $\lambda\in\mathbb{R}^+$, where $W$ is a real symmetric or complex Hermitian Wigner matrix of size $N$ and $V$ is a real bounded diagonal random matrix of size $N$ with i.i.d.\…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-01-15 Ji Oon Lee , Kevin Schnelli

This paper investigates the strong limiting behavior of the eigenvalues of the class of matrices $\frac1N(D_n\circ X_n)(D_n\circ X_n)^*$, studied in Girko 2001. Here, $X_n=(x_{ij})$ is an $n\times N$ random matrix consisting of independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-10 Jack W. Silverstein

In this work we consider general non-Hermitian square random matrices $X$ that include a wide class of random band matrices with independent entries. Whereas the existence of limiting density is largely unknown for these inhomogeneous…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Yi Han

We consider products of independent square random non-Hermitian matrices. More precisely, let $n\geq 2$ and let $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ be independent $N\times N$ random matrices with independent centered entries with variance $N^{-1}$. It was…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-12-15 Yuriy Nemish

We revisit the problem of perturbing a large, i.i.d. random matrix by a finite rank error. It is known that when elements of the i.i.d. matrix have finite fourth moment, then the outlier eigenvalues of the perturbed matrix are close to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Yi Han

We study finite-rank normal deformations of rotationally invariant non-Hermitian random matrices. Extending the classical Baik-Ben Arous-P\'ech\'e (BBP) framework, we characterize the emergence and fluctuations of outlier eigenvalues in…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-05-15 Pierre Bousseyroux , Marc Potters

We prove that the reverse characteristic polynomial $\det(I_n - zA_n)$ of a random $n \times n$ matrix $A_n$ with iid $\mathrm{Bernoulli}(d/n)$ entries converges in distribution towards the random infinite product $\prod_{\ell =…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-23 Simon Coste

A number of random matrix ensembles permitting exact determination of their eigenvalue and eigenvector statistics maintain this property under a rank $1$ perturbation. Considered in this review are the additive rank $1$ perturbation of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-01-24 Peter J. Forrester

We consider the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of finite, low rank perturbations of random matrices. Specifically, we prove almost sure convergence of the extreme eigenvalues and appropriate projections of the corresponding eigenvectors of…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-19 Florent Benaych-Georges , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

Consider the matrix $\Sigma_n = n^{-1/2} X_n D_n^{1/2} + P_n$ where the matrix $X_n \in \C^{N\times n}$ has Gaussian standard independent elements, $D_n$ is a deterministic diagonal nonnegative matrix, and $P_n$ is a deterministic matrix…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-23 Francois Chapon , Romain Couillet , Walid Hachem , Xavier Mestre

For each $n$, let $A_n=(\sigma_{ij})$ be an $n\times n$ deterministic matrix and let $X_n=(X_{ij})$ be an $n\times n$ random matrix with i.i.d. centered entries of unit variance. We study the asymptotic behavior of the empirical spectral…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-03 Nicholas A. Cook , Walid Hachem , Jamal Najim , David Renfrew

We study the properties of the eigenvalues of real random matrices and their products. It is known that when the matrix elements are Gaussian-distributed independent random variables, the fraction of real eigenvalues tends to unity as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-01-13 Sajna Hameed , Kavita Jain , Arul Lakshminarayan

We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of the sum A+U*BU, where A and B are deterministic N by N Hermitian matrices having respective limiting compactly supported distributions \mu, \nu, and U is a random N by N unitary…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-07-24 Serban Teodor Belinschi , Hari Bercovici , Mireille Capitaine , Maxime Février

In this paper, we provide a proof for the Hanson-Wright inequalities for sparsified quadratic forms in subgaussian random variables. This provides useful concentration inequalities for sparse subgaussian random vectors in two ways. Let $X =…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-21 Shuheng Zhou

Consider the $n\times n$ matrix $X_n=A_n+H_n$, where $A_n$ is a $n\times n$ matrix (either deterministic or random) and $H_n$ is a $n\times n$ matrix independent from $A_n$ drawn from complex Ginibre ensemble. We study the limiting…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Roman Sarapin

We consider a constant-size subset of left and right eigenvectors of an $N\times N$ i.i.d. complex non-Hermitian matrix associated with the eigenvalues with pairwise distances at least $N^{-\frac12+\epsilon}$. We show that arbitrary…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-29 Sofiia Dubova , Kevin Yang , Horng-Tzer Yau , Jun Yin
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