English

A note on outlier eigenvectors for sparse non-Hermitian perturbations

Probability 2026-03-05 v1 Statistics Theory Statistics Theory

Abstract

We consider a sparse i.i.d.\ non-Hermitian random matrix model XnX_n (with sparsity parameter KnK_n) and a deterministic finite-rank perturbation EnE_n. Assuming biorthogonality for EnE_n and a growth condition on KnK_n, we outline a finite-rank resolvent reduction leading to asymptotics for the overlap between an outlier eigenvector of Yn:=Xn+EnY_n:=X_n+E_n and the corresponding spike eigenspace. In particular, for an outlier spike μ\mu with μ>1|\mu|>1, the squared projection of the associated (right) eigenvector onto the spike eigenspace converges in probability to 1μ21-|\mu|^{-2}. Our result generalizes Theorem 1.6 of [HLN26] to general finite rank case solving Open Problem 5.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.03972,
  title  = {A note on outlier eigenvectors for sparse non-Hermitian perturbations},
  author = {Miltiadis Galanis and Michail Louvaris},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.03972},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

10 pages

R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:02:52.513Z