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Ensuring safety in autonomous driving requires precise, real-time risk assessment and adaptive behavior. Prior work on risk estimation either outputs coarse, global scene-level metrics lacking interpretability, proposes indicators without…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Boyang Tian , Weisong Shi

Recent text-to-image (T2I) models have exhibited remarkable performance in generating high-quality images from text descriptions. However, these models are vulnerable to misuse, particularly generating not-safe-for-work (NSFW) content, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lingzhi Yuan , Xinfeng Li , Chejian Xu , Guanhong Tao , Xiaojun Jia , Yihao Huang , Wei Dong , Yang Liu , Bo Li

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) is a cornerstone of modern text-to-image models, yet its reliance on a semantically vacuous null prompt ($\varnothing$) generates a guidance signal prone to geometric entanglement. This is a key factor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Shilong Han , Yuming Zhang , Hongxia Wang

Recent text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved remarkable advancement, yet faithfully following complex textual descriptions remains challenging due to insufficient interactions between textual and visual features. Prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Binglei Li , Mengping Yang , Zhiyu Tan , Junping Zhang , Hao Li

As Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative AI become increasingly widespread, concerns about content safety have grown in parallel. Currently, there is a clear lack of high-quality, human-annotated datasets that address the full…

Recent controllable generation approaches such as FreeControl and Diffusion Self-Guidance bring fine-grained spatial and appearance control to text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models without training auxiliary modules. However, these methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Kuan Heng Lin , Sicheng Mo , Ben Klingher , Fangzhou Mu , Bolei Zhou

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong generative performance when using guidance methods such as classifier-free guidance (CFG), which enhance output quality by modifying the sampling trajectory. These methods typically improve a target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Kwanyoung Kim

Large-scale pre-trained generative models are taking the world by storm, due to their abilities in generating creative content. Meanwhile, safeguards for these generative models are developed, to protect users' rights and safety, most of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Guanlin Li , Kangjie Chen , Shudong Zhang , Jie Zhang , Tianwei Zhang

Large-scale text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved remarkable generative performance about various concepts. With the limitation of privacy and safety in practice, the generative capability concerning NSFW (Not Safe For Work)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jiahang Tu , Qian Feng , Jiahua Dong , Hanbin Zhao , Chao Zhang , Nicu Sebe , Hui Qian

Text-to-Image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation. Despite their progress, challenges remain in both prompt-following ability, image quality and lack of high-quality datasets, which are essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Jingkun An , Yinghao Zhu , Zongjian Li , Enshen Zhou , Haoran Feng , Xijie Huang , Bohua Chen , Yemin Shi , Chengwei Pan

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable text generation capabilities. However, controlling specific attributes of generated text remains challenging without architectural modifications or extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yu Li , Zhe Yang , Yi Huang , Xin Liu , Guilin Qi

The generation of safety-critical scenarios in simulation has become increasingly crucial for safety evaluation in autonomous vehicles prior to road deployment in society. However, current approaches largely rely on predefined threat…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jiangfan Liu , Yongkang Guo , Fangzhi Zhong , Tianyuan Zhang , Zonglei Jing , Siyuan Liang , Jiakai Wang , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated impressive performance in generating high-fidelity images, largely enabled by text-guided inference. However, this advantage often comes with a critical drawback: limited diversity, as…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Byungjun Kim , Soobin Um , Jong Chul Ye

The rapid growth of text-to-video (T2V) diffusion models has raised concerns about privacy, copyright, and safety due to their potential misuse in generating harmful or misleading content. These models are often trained on numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Naen Xu , Jinghuai Zhang , Changjiang Li , Zhi Chen , Chunyi Zhou , Qingming Li , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji

We propose a diffusion-based approach for Text-to-Image (T2I) generation with consistent and interactive 3D layout control and editing. While prior methods improve spatial adherence using 2D cues or iterative copy-warp-paste strategies,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Andrea Rigo , Luca Stornaiuolo , Weijie Wang , Mauro Martino , Bruno Lepri , Nicu Sebe

Recent text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models show outstanding performance in generating high-quality images conditioned on textual prompts. However, they fail to semantically align the generated images with the prompts due to their limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Ruichen Wang , Zekang Chen , Chen Chen , Jian Ma , Haonan Lu , Xiaodong Lin

Training multimodal generative models on large, uncurated datasets can result in users being exposed to harmful, unsafe and controversial or culturally-inappropriate outputs. While model editing has been proposed to remove or filter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Mubarak Shah , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

Camouflage Images Generation (CIG) is an emerging research area that focuses on synthesizing images in which objects are harmoniously blended and exhibit high visual consistency with their surroundings. Existing methods perform CIG by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yuhang Qian , Haiyan Chen , Wentong Li , Ningzhong Liu , Jie Qin

Despite recent significant strides achieved by diffusion-based Text-to-Image (T2I) models, current systems are still less capable of ensuring decent compositional generation aligned with text prompts, particularly for the multi-object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Zhipeng Bao , Yijun Li , Krishna Kumar Singh , Yu-Xiong Wang , Martial Hebert

Text-to-image (T2I) models exhibit a significant yet under-explored "brand bias", a tendency to generate contents featuring dominant commercial brands from generic prompts, posing ethical and legal risks. We propose CIDER, a novel,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Fangjian Shen , Zifeng Liang , Chao Wang , Wushao Wen