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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated commendable performance for graph-structured data. Yet, GNNs are often vulnerable to adversarial structural attacks as embedding generation relies on graph topology. Existing efforts are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Xing Ai , Guanyu Zhu , Yulin Zhu , Yu Zheng , Gaolei Li , Jianhua Li , Kai Zhou

Inspired by the operation of biological brains, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have the unique ability to detect information encoded in spatio-temporal patterns of spiking signals. Examples of data types requiring spatio-temporal processing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Nicolas Skatchkovsky , Hyeryung Jang , Osvaldo Simeone

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) that operate in an event-driven manner and employ binary spike representation have recently emerged as promising candidates for energy-efficient computing. However, a cost bottleneck arises in obtaining…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yunpeng Yao , Man Wu , Zheng Chen , Renyuan Zhang

Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) hold great potential for improving the latency and energy efficiency of deep neural networks through event-based computation. However, training such networks is difficult due to the non-differentiable…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Jun Haeng Lee , Tobi Delbruck , Michael Pfeiffer

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are currently being used as function approximators in many state-of-the-art Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been shown to drastically reduce the energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Bleema Rosenfeld , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

Spiking neural network (SNN) is interesting due to its strong bio-plausibility and high energy efficiency. However, its performance is falling far behind conventional deep neural networks (DNNs). In this paper, considering a general class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Shibo Zhou , Xiaohua Li

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a popular spatio-temporal computing paradigm for complex vision tasks. Recently proposed SNN training algorithms have significantly reduced the number of time steps (down to 1) for improved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Gourav Datta , Zeyu Liu , Anni Li , Peter A. Beerel

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are bio-inspired neural networks with asynchronous discrete and sparse characteristics, which have increasingly manifested their superiority in low energy consumption. Recent research is devoted to utilizing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Lang Feng , Qianhui Liu , Huajin Tang , De Ma , Gang Pan

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) represent the most prominent biologically inspired computing model for neuromorphic computing (NC) architectures. However, due to the non-differentiable nature of spiking neuronal functions, the standard error…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Jibin Wu , Yansong Chua , Malu Zhang , Guoqi Li , Haizhou Li , Kay Chen Tan

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a promising paradigm for energy-efficient event-driven computation, but large-scale SNN execution remains challenging because sparse spike communication and synchronization can dominate runtime. Existing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Muhammad Ihsan Al Hafiz , Artur Podobas

Multi-timestep simulation of brain-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) boost memory requirements during training and increase inference energy cost. Current training methods cannot simultaneously solve both training and inference…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-28 JiaKui Hu , Man Yao , Xuerui Qiu , Yuhong Chou , Yuxuan Cai , Ning Qiao , Yonghong Tian , Bo XU , Guoqi Li

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is widely deployed in Human-Computer Interaction, yet the high computational cost of conventional models hinders their implementation on resource-constrained edge devices. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xun Su , Huamin Wang , Qi Zhang

Emergence of deep neural networks (DNNs) has raised enormous attention towards artificial neural networks (ANNs) once again. They have become the state-of-the-art models and have won different machine learning challenges. Although these…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Shahriar Rezghi Shirsavar , Abdol-Hossein Vahabie , Mohammad-Reza A. Dehaqani

We propose hardware-oriented models of intrinsic plasticity (IP) and synaptic plasticity (SP) for spiking randomly connected recursive neural network (RNN). Although the potential of RNNs for temporal data processing has been demonstrated,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Kumiko Nomura , Yoshifumi Nishi

Neuromorphic hardware implementations of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) promise energy-efficient, low-latency AI through sparse, event-driven computation. Yet, training SNNs under fine temporal discretization remains a major challenge,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Roel Koopman , Sebastian Otte , Sander Bohté

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are emerging as a promising alternative to traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs), offering biological plausibility and energy efficiency. Despite these merits, SNNs are frequently hampered by limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yi Xiao , Qiangqiang Yuan , Kui Jiang , Wenke Huang , Qiang Zhang , Tingting Zheng , Chia-Wen Lin , Liangpei Zhang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) recently gained momentum due to their low-power multiplication-free computing and the closer resemblance of biological processes in the nervous system of humans. However, SNNs require very long spike trains…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Daniel Gerlinghoff , Zhehui Wang , Xiaozhe Gu , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Tao Luo

Biologically plausible Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), characterized by spike sparsity, are growing tremendous attention over intellectual edge devices and critical bio-medical applications as compared to artificial neural networks (ANNs).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Kwunhang Wong , Songqi Wang , Wei Huang , Xinyuan Zhang , Yangu He , Karl M. H. Lai , Yuzhong Jiao , Ning Lin , Xiaojuan Qi , Xiaoming Chen , Zhongrui Wang

Generative models based on neural networks present a substantial challenge within deep learning. As it stands, such models are primarily limited to the domain of artificial neural networks. Spiking neural networks, as the third generation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Linghao Feng , Dongcheng Zhao , Yi Zeng

Biological spiking neurons with intrinsic dynamics underlie the powerful representation and learning capabilities of the brain for processing multimodal information in complex environments. Despite recent tremendous progress in spiking…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Mingkun Xu , Yujie Wu , Lei Deng , Faqiang Liu , Guoqi Li , Jing Pei