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Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) are algorithms from deep learning leveraging physical laws by including partial differential equations together with a respective set of boundary and initial conditions as penalty terms into their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Rafael Bischof , Michael Kraus

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a powerful framework for learning governing equations of dynamical systems from data. Biologically-informed neural networks (BINNs) are a variant of PINNs that preserve the known differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 William Lavery , Jodie A. Cochrane , Christian Olesen , Dagim S. Tadele , John T. Nardini , Sara Hamis

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve partial differential equations using deep learning. However, conventional PINNs perform pointwise predictions that neglect dependencies within a domain, which may result in suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mayank Nagda , Phil Ostheimer , Thomas Specht , Frank Rhein , Fabian Jirasek , Stephan Mandt , Marius Kloft , Sophie Fellenz

This paper presents a multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) framework for autonomous control and integration of renewable energy resources into smart power grid systems. In particular, the proposed framework jointly considers demand…

This paper presents a capacity-constrained incentive-based demand response approach for residential smart grids. It aims to maintain electricity grid capacity limits and prevent congestion by financially incentivising end users to reduce or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Shafagh Abband Pashaki , Sepehr Maleki , Amir Badiee

Wire-arc directed energy deposition (DED) has emerged as a promising additive manufacturing (AM) technology for large-scale structural engineering applications. However, the complex thermal dynamics inherent to the process present…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Michael Ryan , Mohammad Hassan Baqershahi , Hessamoddin Moshayedi , Elyas Ghafoori

In the context of the energy transition, with increasing integration of renewable sources and cross-border electricity exchanges, power grids are encountering greater uncertainty and operational risk. Maintaining grid stability under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Milad Leyli-abadi , Antoine Marot , Jérôme Picault

Power grids, across the world, play an important societal and economical role by providing uninterrupted, reliable and transient-free power to several industries, businesses and household consumers. With the advent of renewable power…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Anandsingh Chauhan , Mayank Baranwal , Ansuma Basumatary

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an increasingly powerful way to solve partial differential equations, generate digital twins, and create neural surrogates of physical models. In this manuscript we detail the inner workings of…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) offer a promising avenue for tackling both forward and inverse problems in partial differential equations (PDEs) by incorporating deep learning with fundamental physics principles. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Hemanth Saratchandran , Shin-Fang Chng , Simon Lucey

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) are neural networks (NNs) that encode model equations, like Partial Differential Equations (PDE), as a component of the neural network itself. PINNs are nowadays used to solve PDEs, fractional…

Deep learning models trained on finite data lack a complete understanding of the physical world. On the other hand, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are infused with such knowledge through the incorporation of mathematically…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jian Cheng Wong , Abhishek Gupta , Chin Chun Ooi , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Jiao Liu , Yew-Soon Ong

A physics-constrained deep learning surrogate that predicts the exponential ``avalanche'' growth rate of runaway electrons (REs) for a plasma containing partially ionized impurities is developed. Specifically, a physics-informed neural…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-04-16 Jonathan S. Arnaud , Xian-Zhu Tang , Christopher J. McDevitt

The transition of the power grid requires new technologies and methodologies, which can only be developed and tested in simulations. Especially larger simulation setups with many levels of detail can become quite slow. Therefore, the number…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Stephan Balduin , Tom Westermann , Erika Puiutta

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) provide a learning-based framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by embedding governing physical laws into neural network training. In practice, however, their performance is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Pancheng Niu , Jun Guo , Qiaolin He , Yongming Chen , Yanchao Shi

Most of the current game-theoretic demand-side management methods focus primarily on the scheduling of home appliances, and the related numerical experiments are analyzed under various scenarios to achieve the corresponding Nash-equilibrium…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Jun Hao

The increasing demand for electricity, coupled with the rise in greenhouse gas emissions, necessitates the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) into power grids. However, the fluctuating nature of RESs introduces new challenges in…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ali Mohammadi Ruzbahani

Deep surrogate models for parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) can deliver high-fidelity approximations but remain prohibitively data-hungry: training often requires thousands of fine-grid simulations, each incurring substantial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yang Meng , Ruoxi Jiang , Zhuokai Zhao , Chong Liu , Rebecca Willett , Yuxin Chen

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown promising potential for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using deep learning. However, PINNs face training difficulties for evolutionary PDEs, particularly for dynamical…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Siqi Chen , Bin Shan , Ye Li

High-level penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources (RESs) has introduced significant uncertainties into modern power systems. In order to rapidly and economically respond to the fluctuations of power system operating state,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Pengfei Wu , Chen Chen , Dexiang Lai , Jian Zhong