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Over the past decade, the technology used by referees in football has improved substantially, enhancing the fairness and accuracy of decisions. This progress has culminated in the implementation of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR), an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jan Held , Anthony Cioppa , Silvio Giancola , Abdullah Hamdi , Christel Devue , Bernard Ghanem , Marc Van Droogenbroeck

In the sports of soccer, hockey and basketball the most commonly used statistics for player performance assessment are divided into two categories: offensive statistics and defensive statistics. However, qualitative assessments of…

Applications · Statistics 2017-04-04 Shael Brown

Visual analytics (VA) is a visually assisted exploratory analysis approach in which knowledge discovery is executed interactively between the user and system in a human-centered manner. The purpose of this study is to develop a method for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Ryuji Watanabe , Hideaki Ishibashi , Tetsuo Furukawa

The purpose of this research is to create a machine learning-based smart coaching approach for football that can replace manual analysis with real-time feedback for trainers. In-depth analysis of football player data by humans is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-08 Rahman Sahinler , Omer Burak Goktas , Berkay Mumcu , Damla Sen , Feyza Kocaturk , Huseyin Uvet

In the domain of the Soccer simulation 2D league of the RoboCup project, appropriate player positioning against a given opponent team is an important factor of soccer team performance. This work proposes a model which decides the strategy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-06 Jordan Henrio , Thomas Henn , Tomoharu Nakashima , Hidehisa Akiyama

We consider the task of determining the number of chances a soccer team creates, along with the composite nature of each chance-the players involved and the locations on the pitch of the assist and the chance. We propose an interpretable…

Applications · Statistics 2018-02-26 Gavin A. Whitaker , Ricardo Silva , Daniel Edwards

Scoring goals in a soccer match can be interpreted as a stochastic process. In the most simple description of a soccer match one assumes that scoring goals can be described by a constant goal rate for each team, implying simple Poissonian…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2012-07-19 Andreas Heuer , Oliver Rubner

Video analysis in tackle-collision based sports is highly subjective and exposed to bias, which is inherent in human observation, especially under time constraints. This limitation of match analysis in tackle-collision based sports can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Zubair Martin , Amir Patel , Sharief Hendricks

In this paper, we examine how soccer players can use their spatial relationships to control parts of the field and safely move play up the field via chains of ``safe configurations,'' i.e. configurations of players on a team ensuring the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-11-18 Catherine Pfaff , Emily Hunter , Haozhi Hong , Daniel Forestell , Ari Fialkov , Zoey Drassinower , Timothy Chan

A central goal in the cognitive sciences is the development of numerical models for mental representations of object concepts. This paper introduces Variational Interpretable Concept Embeddings (VICE), an approximate Bayesian method for…

Video event detection has become a cornerstone of modern sports analytics, powering automated performance evaluation, content generation, and tactical decision-making. Recent advances in deep learning have driven progress in related tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Hao Xu , Arbind Agrahari Baniya , Sam Well , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Richard Dazeley , Sunil Aryal

Analysis of the popular expected goals (xG) metric in soccer has determined that a (slightly) smaller number of high-quality attempts will likely yield more goals than a slew of low-quality ones. This observation has driven a change in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Maaike Van Roy , Pieter Robberechts , Wen-Chi Yang , Luc De Raedt , Jesse Davis

In this paper, we present an active vision method using a deep reinforcement learning approach for a humanoid soccer-playing robot. The proposed method adaptively optimises the viewpoint of the robot to acquire the most useful landmarks for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Soheil Khatibi , Meisam Teimouri , Mahdi Rezaei

Player tracking data remains out of reach for many professional football teams as their video feeds are not sufficiently high quality for computer vision technologies to be used. To help bridge this gap, we present a method that can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Matthew J. Penn , Christl A. Donnelly , Samir Bhatt

Toward the goal of automatic production for sports broadcasts, a paramount task consists in understanding the high-level semantic information of the game in play. For instance, recognizing and localizing the main actions of the game would…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Silvio Giancola , Bernard Ghanem

Group activity detection in soccer can be done by using either video data or player and ball trajectory data. In current soccer activity datasets, activities are labelled as atomic events without a duration. Given that the state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Ryan Sanford , Siavash Gorji , Luiz G. Hafemann , Bahareh Pourbabaee , Mehrsan Javan

In this work we present STEVE - Soccer TEam VEctors, a principled approach for learning real valued vectors for soccer teams where similar teams are close to each other in the resulting vector space. STEVE only relies on freely available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Robert Müller , Stefan Langer , Fabian Ritz , Christoph Roch , Steffen Illium , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

In this paper, we introduce SoccerNet, a benchmark for action spotting in soccer videos. The dataset is composed of 500 complete soccer games from six main European leagues, covering three seasons from 2014 to 2017 and a total duration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Silvio Giancola , Mohieddine Amine , Tarek Dghaily , Bernard Ghanem

Image-based sports analytics enable automatic retrieval of key events in a game to speed up the analytics process for human experts. However, most existing methods focus on structured television broadcast video datasets with a straight and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Subhajit Chaudhury , Daiki Kimura , Phongtharin Vinayavekhin , Asim Munawar , Ryuki Tachibana , Koji Ito , Yuki Inaba , Minoru Matsumoto , Shuji Kidokoro , Hiroki Ozaki

In recent years, great emphasis has been placed on the prediction of association football. Due to this, several studies have proposed different types of statistical models to predict the outcome of a football match. However, most existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-11 Roberto Macrì-Demartino , Leonardo Egidi , Nicola Torelli