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This paper introduces a new hybrid framework that combines Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve robotic manipulation tasks. By utilizing RL for accurate low-level control and LLMs for high level task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Md Saad , Sajjad Hussain , Mohd Suhaib

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revealed their potential for achieving autonomous agents possessing human-level intelligence. However, existing benchmarks for evaluating LLM Agents either use static datasets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Junzhe Chen , Xuming Hu , Shuodi Liu , Shiyu Huang , Wei-Wei Tu , Zhaofeng He , Lijie Wen

Effort estimation is a crucial activity in agile software development, where teams collaboratively review, discuss, and estimate the effort required to complete user stories in a product backlog. Current practices in agile effort estimation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Thanh-Long Bui , Hoa Khanh Dam , Rashina Hoda

Large language models (LLMs) are used as "digital twins" to replace human respondents, yet their psychometric comparability to humans is uncertain. We propose a construct-validity framework spanning construct representation and the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yufei Zhang , Zhihao Ma

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) from static instruction-followers to autonomous agents necessitates operating within complex, stateful environments to achieve precise state-transition objectives. However, this paradigm is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yucheng Zeng , Weipeng Lu , Linyun Liu , Shupeng Li , Zitian Qu , Chenghao Zhu , Shaofei Li , Zhengdong Tan , Mengyue Liu , Haotian Zhao , Zhe Zhou , Jianmin Wu

The development of large language models (LLM) has revolutionized various fields and is anticipated to drive the advancement of autonomous systems. In the context of autonomous optical networks, creating a high-level cognitive agent in the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Yuchen Song , Yao Zhang , Anni Zhou , Yan Shi , Shikui Shen , Xiongyan Tang , Jin Li , Min Zhang , Danshi Wang

Robotic manipulation in real-world settings remains challenging, especially regarding robust generalization. Existing simulation platforms lack sufficient support for exploring how policies adapt to varied instructions and scenarios. Thus,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Ning Gao , Yilun Chen , Shuai Yang , Xinyi Chen , Yang Tian , Hao Li , Haifeng Huang , Hanqing Wang , Tai Wang , Jiangmiao Pang

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable versatility across a wide range of general tasks, their effectiveness often diminishes in domain-specific applications due to inherent knowledge gaps. Moreover, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Hanzhi Yan , Qin Lu , Xianqiao Wang , Xiaoming Zhai , Tianming Liu , He Li

Constructing mechanistic models of neural circuits is a fundamental goal of neuroscience, yet verifying such models is limited by the lack of ground truth. To rigorously test model discovery, we establish an in silico testbed using…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-05 Jan-Matthis Lueckmann , Viren Jain , Michał Januszewski

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in modeling real-world knowledge and enhancing knowledge-based generation tasks. In this paper, we further explore the potential of using LLMs to aid in the design…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Weicheng Ma , Luyang Zhao , Chun-Yi She , Yitao Jiang , Alan Sun , Bo Zhu , Devin Balkcom , Soroush Vosoughi

With the rise of large language models (LLMs), LLM agents capable of autonomous reasoning, planning, and executing complex tasks have become a frontier in artificial intelligence. However, how to translate the research on general agents…

Multimodal Large Models (MLMs) are becoming a significant research focus, combining powerful large language models with multimodal learning to perform complex tasks across different data modalities. This review explores the latest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xinji Mai , Zeng Tao , Junxiong Lin , Haoran Wang , Yang Chang , Yanlan Kang , Yan Wang , Wenqiang Zhang

In dynamic open-world environments, autonomous agents often encounter novelties that hinder their ability to find plans to achieve their goals. Specifically, traditional symbolic planners fail to generate plans when the robot's planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Hong Lu , Pierrick Lorang , Timothy R. Duggan , Jivko Sinapov , Matthias Scheutz

Language models' (LMs) proficiency in handling deterministic symbolic reasoning and rule-based tasks remains limited due to their dependency implicit learning on textual data. To endow LMs with genuine rule comprehension abilities, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yixuan Weng , Minjun Zhu , Fei Xia , Bin Li , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

While LLM/VLM-powered AI agents have advanced rapidly in math, coding, and computer use, their applications in complex physical and social environments remain challenging. Building agents that can survive and thrive in the real world (for…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has long promised to improve energy management in smart grids by enhancing situational awareness and supporting more effective decision-making. While traditional machine learning has demonstrated notable results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Gabriel Antonesi , Tudor Cioara , Ionut Anghel , Vasilis Michalakopoulos , Elissaios Sarmas , Liana Toderean

Animal behavior reflects interactions between the nervous system, body, and environment. Therefore, biomechanics and environmental context must be considered to understand algorithms for behavioral control. Neuromechanical digital twins,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-14 Sibo Wang-Chen , Pavan Ramdya

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) with increasingly sophisticated natural language understanding and generative capabilities has sparked interest in the Agent-based Modelling (ABM) community. With their ability to summarize,…

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has enabled substantial advances in solving mathematical problems. However, existing benchmarks often fail to reflect the complexity of real-world problems, which demand open-ended,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Cheng Qian , Hongyi Du , Hongru Wang , Xiusi Chen , Yuji Zhang , Avirup Sil , Chengxiang Zhai , Kathleen McKeown , Heng Ji