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Large language models (LLMs) have been widely deployed in various applications, often functioning as autonomous agents that interact with each other in multi-agent systems. While these systems have shown promise in enhancing capabilities…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have reshaped our world with significant advancements in science, engineering, and society through applications ranging from scientific discoveries and medical diagnostics to Chatbots. Despite their ubiquity and…

As NLP evaluation shifts from static benchmarks to multi-turn interactive settings, LLM-based simulators have become widely used as user proxies, serving two roles: generating user turns and providing evaluation signals. Yet, these…

This paper pioneers a novel approach to economic and public policy analysis by leveraging multiple Large Language Models (LLMs) as heterogeneous artificial economic agents. We first evaluate five LLMs' economic decision-making capabilities…

As Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems are increasingly employed in intricate social environments, a pressing query emerges: Can these NLP systems mirror human-esque collaborative intelligence, in a multi-agent society consisting of…

While LLM-Based agents, which use external tools to solve complex problems, have made significant progress, benchmarking their ability is challenging, thereby hindering a clear understanding of their limitations. In this paper, we propose…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet their internal decision-making processes remain largely opaque. Mechanistic interpretability (i.e., the systematic study of how neural networks…

Recent works have highlighted the significance of memory mechanisms in LLM-based agents, which enable them to store observed information and adapt to dynamic environments. However, evaluating their memory capabilities still remains…

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems enable expressive agent reasoning but are expensive to scale and poorly calibrated for timestep-aligned state-transition simulation, while classical agent-based models (ABMs) offer…

Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) have unlocked new opportunities for healthcare, from information synthesis to clinical decision support. These new LLMs are not just capable of modeling language, but can also act as…

Scalable AI agents training relies on interactive environments that faithfully simulate the consequences of agent actions. Manually crafted environments are expensive to build, brittle to extend, and fundamentally limited in diversity. A…

The paradigm of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) offers a promising blueprint for advancing the electromagnetic (EM) domain. However, prevailing approaches often deviate from the native MLLM paradigm, instead using task-specific or…

Training sophisticated machine learning (ML) models requires large datasets that are difficult or expensive to collect for many applications. If prior knowledge about system dynamics is available, mechanistic representations can be used to…

Integrating theoretical neuroscience, decision theory, and probabilistic inference offers a promising route to understanding human cognition, yet concrete methodological bridges between agentic AI models and behavioral data analysis remain…

As large language models (LLMs) continue to make significant strides, their better integration into agent-based simulations offers a transformational potential for understanding complex social systems. However, such integration is not…

Quantifying and propagating modeling uncertainties is crucial for reliability analysis, robust optimization, and other model-based algorithmic processes in engineering design and control. Now, physics-informed machine learning (PIML)…

The study of social emergence has long been a central focus in social science. Traditional modeling approaches, such as rule-based Agent-Based Models (ABMs), struggle to capture the diversity and complexity of human behavior, particularly…

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable a new form of digital experimentation where treatments combine human and model-generated content in increasingly sophisticated ways. The main methodological challenge in this setting is representing these…

This study presents an innovative approach to urban mobility simulation by integrating a Large Language Model (LLM) with Agent-Based Modeling (ABM). Unlike traditional rule-based ABM, the proposed framework leverages LLM to enhance agent…

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to mimic human behavior triggered a plethora of computational social science research, assuming that empirical studies of humans can be conducted with AI agents instead. Since there have been…