Related papers: Spatial Confounding: A review of concepts, challen…
Spatial confounding is a fundamental issue in spatial regression models which arises because spatial random effects, included to approximate unmeasured spatial variation, are typically not independent of covariates in the model. This can…
In the last two decades, considerable research has been devoted to a phenomenon known as spatial confounding. Spatial confounding is thought to occur when there is multicollinearity between a covariate and the random effect in a spatial…
Spatial interference and spatial confounding are two major issues inhibiting precise causal estimates when dealing with observational spatial data. Moreover, the definition and interpretation of spatial confounding remain arguable in the…
Spatial confounding is how is called the confounding between fixed and spatial random effects. It has been widely studied and it gained attention in the past years in the spatial statistics literature, as it may generate unexpected results…
The concept of spatial confounding is closely connected to spatial regression, although no general definition has been established. A generally accepted idea of spatial confounding in spatial regression models is the change in fixed effects…
1 - Spatial confounding is a phenomenon that has been studied extensively in recent years in the statistical literature to describe and mitigate apparent inconsistencies between the results obtained by regression models with and without…
Spatial confounding poses a significant challenge in scientific studies involving spatial data, where unobserved spatial variables can influence both treatment and outcome, possibly leading to spurious associations. To address this problem,…
We investigate spatial confounding in the presence of multivariate disease dependence. In the "analysis model perspective" of spatial confounding, adding a spatially dependent random effect can lead to significant variance inflation of the…
Spatial models are used in a variety research areas, such as environmental sciences, epidemiology, or physics. A common phenomenon in many spatial regression models is spatial confounding. This phenomenon takes place when spatially indexed…
Spatial confounding between the spatial random effects and fixed effects covariates has been recently discovered and showed that it may bring misleading interpretation to the model results. Solutions to alleviate this problem are based on…
This manuscript unites causal inference and spatial statistics, presenting novel insights for causal inference in spatial data analysis, and drawing from tools in spatial statistics to estimate causal effects. We introduce spatial causal…
Over the past few decades, addressing "spatial confounding" has become a major topic in spatial statistics. However, the literature has provided conflicting definitions, and many proposed solutions are tied to specific analysis models and…
Residuals in regression models are often spatially correlated. Prominent examples include studies in environmental epidemiology to understand the chronic health effects of pollutants. I consider the effects of residual spatial structure on…
A key challenge in environmental health research is unmeasured spatial confounding, driven by unobserved spatially structured variables that influence both treatment and outcome. A common approach is to fit a spatial regression that models…
Spatial confounding is a common issue in spatial regression models, occurring when spatially varying covariates correlate with the spatial effect included in the model. This dependence, particularly at high spatial frequencies, can…
Causal inference in spatial domains faces two intertwined challenges: (1) unmeasured spatial factors, such as weather, air pollution, or mobility, that confound treatment and outcome, and (2) interference from nearby treatments that violate…
This paper proposes a new approach to address the problem of unmeasured confounding in spatial designs. Spatial confounding occurs when some confounding variables are unobserved and not included in the model, leading to distorted…
Recent advancements in geographic information systems and mixed reality technologies have positioned spatial computing as a transformative paradigm in computational science. However, the field remains conceptually fragmented, with diverse…
Spatial documentation is exponentially increasing given the availability of Big IoT Data, enabled by the devices miniaturization and data storage capacity. Bayesian spatial statistics is a useful statistical tool to determine the dependence…
Spatial statistics is an area of study devoted to the statistical analysis of data that have a spatial label associated with them. Geographers often refer to the "location information" associated with the "attribute information," whose…