Related papers: Spatial Confounding: A review of concepts, challen…

Modern scientific cosmology pushes the boundaries of knowledge and the knowable. This is prompting questions on the nature of scientific knowledge. A central issue is what defines a 'good' model. When addressing global properties of the…

Spatiotemporal data mining aims to discover interesting, useful but non-trivial patterns in big spatial and spatiotemporal data. They are used in various application domains such as public safety, ecology, epidemiology, earth science, etc.…

In the last few decades, the size of spatial and spatio-temporal datasets in many research areas has rapidly increased with the development of data collection technologies. As a result, classical statistical methods in spatial statistics…

Spatially misaligned data can be fused by using a Bayesian melding model that assumes that underlying all observations there is a spatially continuous Gaussian random field process. This model can be used, for example, to predict air…

Supervised fairness-aware machine learning under distribution shifts is an emerging field that addresses the challenge of maintaining equitable and unbiased predictions when faced with changes in data distributions from source to target…

Areal level spatial data are often large, sparse and may appear with geographical shapes that are regular or irregular (e.g., postcode). Moreover, sometimes it is important to obtain predictive inference in regular or irregular areal shapes…

Modeling incompatible spatial data, i.e., data with different spatial resolutions, is a pervasive challenge in remote sensing data analysis. Typical approaches to addressing this challenge aggregate information to a common coarse…

Satellite conjunctions involving "near misses" of space objects are becoming increasingly likely. One approach to risk analysis for them involves the computation of the collision probability, but this has been regarded as having some…

Although spatial models for areal data are widely used in multilevel settings, the conditions under which spatial and nonspatial random effects yield equivalent posterior inference for regression coefficients have never been formally…

Over the last two decades we have witnessed strong progress on modeling visual object classes, scenes and attributes that have significantly contributed to automated image understanding. On the other hand, surprisingly little progress has…

We consider the problem of estimating the counterfactual joint distribution of multiple quantities of interests (e.g., outcomes) in a multivariate causal model extended from the classical difference-in-difference design. Existing methods…

This work extends causal inference with stochastic confounders. We propose a new approach to variational estimation for causal inference based on a representer theorem with a random input space. We estimate causal effects involving latent…

In the realm of large-scale spatiotemporal data, abrupt changes are commonly occurring across both spatial and temporal domains. This study aims to address the concurrent challenges of detecting change points and identifying spatial…

Many physical processes involve spatio-temporal observations, which can be studied at different spatial and temporal scales. For example, rainfall data measured daily by rain gauges can be considered at daily, monthly or annual temporal…

Introduction The tau statistic is a recent second-order correlation function that can assess the magnitude and range of global spatiotemporal clustering from epidemiological data containing geolocations of individual cases and, usually,…

The traditional concept of space in geography is based on the notion of distance. Where there is a spatial analysis, there is a distance measurement. However, the precondition for effective distance-based space is that the geographical…

This paper introduces a new spatial scan statistic designed to adjust cluster detection for longitudinal confounding factors indexed in space. The functional-model-adjusted statistic was developed using generalized functional linear models…

The past century has seen a steady increase in the need of estimating and predicting complex systems and making (possibly critical) decisions with limited information. Although computers have made possible the numerical evaluation of…

The Gaussian process is an indispensable tool for spatial data analysts. The onset of the "big data" era, however, has lead to the traditional Gaussian process being computationally infeasible for modern spatial data. As such, various…

Palaeoclimate archives contain information on climate variability, trends and mechanisms. Models are developed to explain observations and predict the response of the climate system to perturbations, in particular perturbations associated…