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Adversary thinking is an essential skill for cybersecurity experts, enabling them to understand cyber attacks and set up effective defenses. While this skill is commonly exercised by Capture the Flag games and hands-on activities, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Valdemar Švábenský , Jan Vykopal , Milan Cermak , Martin Laštovička

Agentic large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on cybersecurity tasks using capture-the-flag (CTF) benchmarks, yet existing pointwise benchmarks offer limited insight into agent robustness and generalisation across…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Shahin Honarvar , Amber Gorzynski , James Lee-Jones , Harry Coppock , Marek Rei , Joseph Ryan , Alastair F. Donaldson

In this paper, we present CTF Pilot, a GitOps-based framework for the deployment and management of Capture The Flag (CTF) competitions. By leveraging Git repositories as the single source of truth for challenge definitions and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Mikkel Bengtson Albrechtsen , Jacopo Mauro , Torben Worm

In this work, we consider challenges relating to security for Industrial Control Systems (ICS) in the context of ICS security education and research targeted both to academia and industry. We propose to address those challenges through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-13 Daniele Antonioli , Hamid Reza Ghaeini , Sridhar Adepu , Martín Ochoa , Nils Ole Tippenhauer

Cyber security is considered a necessity for anyone in todays modern world. Awareness of cyber security standards and best practices have become mandatory to safeguard ones child in this day and age. High schoolers today do not understand…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Mohammed Al-Tajer , Richard Adeyemi Ikuesan

The objective of this work is to evaluate multi-agent artificial intelligence methods when deployed on teams of unmanned surface vehicles (USV) in an adversarial environment. Autonomous agents were evaluated in real-world scenarios using…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated remarkable potential in robotic manipulation but faces challenges in sample inefficiency and lack of interpretability, limiting its applicability in real world scenarios. Enabling the agent to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Xinrui Wang , Yan Jin

The integration of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools into education has been a game-changer for teaching and assessment practices, bringing new opportunities, but also novel challenges which need to be dealt with. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Selçuk Kılınç

Language Model (LM) agents for cybersecurity that are capable of autonomously identifying vulnerabilities and executing exploits have potential to cause real-world impact. Policymakers, model providers, and researchers in the AI and…

Classical cybersecurity is often perceived as a rigid science discipline filled with computer scientists and mathematicians. However, due to the rapid pace of technology development and integration, new criminal enterprises, new defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Emily Kesler

Capture the Flag games represent a popular method of cybersecurity training. Providing meaningful insight into the training progress is essential for increasing learning impact and supporting participants' motivation, especially in advanced…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Radek Ošlejšek , Vít Rusňák , Karolína Burská , Valdemar Švábenský , Jan Vykopal

Capture the Flag (CTF) competitions are increasingly important for the Brazilian cybersecurity community as education and professional tools. Unfortunately, CTF platforms may suffer from security issues, giving an unfair advantage to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Paulo Matias , Pedro Barbosa , Thiago Cardoso , Diego Mariano , Diego Aranha

In this paper, we take a close look at how CTF can be used in cybersecurity education. We divide the CTF competitions into four different categories, which are attack-based CTFs, defense-based CTFs, jeopardy CTFs and gamified and wargames…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yi Lyu , Luke Dotson , Nic Draves , Andy Zhang

The lack of guided exercises and practical opportunities to learn about cybersecurity in a practical way makes it difficult for security experts to improve their proficiency. Capture the Flag events and Cyber Ranges are ideal for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Marcus Knüpfer , Tore Bierwirth , Lars Stiemert , Matthias Schopp , Sebastian Seeber , Daniela Pöhn , Peter Hillmann

Cybersecurity spans multiple interconnected domains, complicating the development of meaningful, labor-relevant benchmarks. Existing benchmarks assess isolated skills rather than integrated performance. We find that pre-trained knowledge of…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being deployed across various domains today. However, their capacity to solve Capture the Flag (CTF) challenges in cybersecurity has not been thoroughly evaluated. To address this, we develop a novel method…

The present study explored managerial and instructor perceptions of their freshly employed cybersecurity workers' or students' preparedness to work effectively in a changing cybersecurity environment that includes AI tools. Specifically, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Sorin Adam Matei , Elisa Bertino

Justice-centered approaches to equitable computer science (CS) education frame CS learning as a means for advancing peace, antiracism, and social justice rather than war, empire, and corporations. However, most research in justice-centered…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Kevin Lin

Attributing the culprit of a cyber-attack is widely considered one of the major technical and policy challenges of cyber-security. The lack of ground truth for an individual responsible for a given attack has limited previous studies. Here,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-07-08 Eric Nunes , Nimish Kulkarni , Paulo Shakarian , Andrew Ruef , Jay Little

The Forensics Investigations Network in Digital Sciences (FINDS) Research Center of Excellence (CoE), funded by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, advances Digital Forensic Engineering Education (DFEE) through an integrated research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yashas Hariprasad , Subhash Gurappa , Sundararaj S. Iyengar , Jerry F. Miller , Pronab Mohanty , Naveen Kumar Chaudhary