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Ensuring the safety and reliability of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) remains a critical challenge, as traditional verification methods such as large-scale on-road testing are prohibitively costly and time-consuming.To address…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Ji Zhou , Yongqi Zhao , Yixian Hu , Hexuan Li , Zhengguo Gu , Nan Xu , Arno Eichberger

This paper studies the evaluation of learning-based object detection models in conjunction with model-checking of formal specifications defined on an abstract model of an autonomous system and its environment. In particular, we define two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Apurva Badithela , Tichakorn Wongpiromsarn , Richard M. Murray

The way to full autonomy of public road vehicles requires the step-by-step replacement of the human driver, with the ultimate goal of replacing the driver completely. Eventually, the driving software has to be able to handle all situations…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Leonhard Hermansdorfer , Johannes Betz , Markus Lienkamp

Assessing drivers' interaction capabilities is crucial for understanding human driving behavior and enhancing the interactive abilities of autonomous vehicles. In scenarios involving strong interaction, existing metrics focused on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jiaqi Liu , Peng Hang , Xiangwang Hu , Jian Sun

Automated vehicles present unique opportunities and challenges, with progress and adoption limited, in part, by policy and regulatory barriers. Underrepresented groups, including individuals with mobility impairments, sensory disabilities,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Savvy Barnes , Maricarmen Davis , Josh Siegel

The goal of autonomous vehicles is to navigate public roads safely and comfortably. To enforce safety, traditional planning approaches rely on handcrafted rules to generate trajectories. Machine learning-based systems, on the other hand,…

This paper summarizes our formal approach to testing autonomous vehicles (AVs) in simulation for the IEEE AV Test Challenge. We demonstrate a systematic testing framework leveraging our previous work on formally-driven simulation for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Kesav Viswanadha , Francis Indaheng , Justin Wong , Edward Kim , Ellen Kalvan , Yash Pant , Daniel J. Fremont , Sanjit A. Seshia

The core obstacle towards a large-scale deployment of autonomous vehicles currently lies in the long tail of rare events. These are extremely challenging since they do not occur often in the utilized training data for deep neural networks.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Daniel Bogdoll , Stefani Guneshka , J. Marius Zöllner

Self-driving software pipelines include components that are learned from a significant number of training examples, yet it remains challenging to evaluate the overall system's safety and generalization performance. Together with scaling up…

Large-scale driving datasets such as Waymo Open Dataset and nuScenes substantially accelerate autonomous driving research, especially for perception tasks such as 3D detection and trajectory forecasting. Since the driving logs in these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Quanyi Li , Zhenghao Peng , Lan Feng , Zhizheng Liu , Chenda Duan , Wenjie Mo , Bolei Zhou

Automated driving systems are subject to various kinds of uncertainty during design, development, and operation. These kinds of uncertainty lead to an inherent risk of the technology that can be mitigated, but never fully eliminated.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Robert Graubohm , Nayel Fabian Salem , Marcus Nolte , Markus Maurer

A scenario-based testing approach can reduce the time required to obtain statistically significant evidence of the safety of Automated Driving Systems (ADS). Identifying these scenarios in an automated manner is a challenging task. Most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Tobias Hoek , Holger Caesar , Andreas Falkovén , Tommy Johansson

This paper presents a driver-specific risk recognition framework for autonomous vehicles that can extract inter-vehicle interactions. This extraction is carried out for urban driving scenarios in a driver-cognitive manner to improve the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Jinghang Li , Chao Lu , Penghui Li , Zheyu Zhang , Cheng Gong , Jianwei Gong

Realistic and interactive traffic simulation is essential for training and evaluating autonomous driving systems. However, most existing data-driven simulation methods rely on static initialization or log-replay data, limiting their ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhenghao Peng , Yuxin Liu , Bolei Zhou

Autonomous systems such as self-driving cars rely on sensors to perceive the surrounding world. Measures must be taken against attacks on sensors, which have been a hot topic in the last few years. For that goal one must first evaluate how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Koichi Shimizu , Daisuke Suzuki , Ryo Muramatsu , Hisashi Mori , Tomoyuki Nagatsuka , Tsutomu Matsumoto

A longstanding challenge for self-driving development is simulating dynamic driving scenarios seeded from recorded driving logs. In pursuit of this functionality, we apply tools from discrete sequence modeling to model how vehicles,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jonah Philion , Xue Bin Peng , Sanja Fidler

While the capabilities of autonomous driving have advanced rapidly, merging into dense traffic remains a significant challenge, many motion planning methods for this scenario have been proposed but it is hard to evaluate them. Most existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zhengming Wang , Junli Wang , Pengfei Li , Zhaohan Li , Chunyang Liu , Bo Zhang , Peng Li , Yilun Chen

Human-interactive robotic systems, particularly autonomous vehicles (AVs), must effectively integrate human instructions into their motion planning. This paper introduces doScenes, a novel dataset designed to facilitate research on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Parthib Roy , Srinivasa Perisetla , Shashank Shriram , Harsha Krishnaswamy , Aryan Keskar , Ross Greer

Autonomous driving at unsignalized intersections is still considered a challenging application for machine learning due to the complications associated with handling complex multi-agent scenarios characterized by a high degree of…

With the rapid advancement of autonomous driving technology, a lack of data has become a major obstacle to enhancing perception model accuracy. Researchers are now exploring controllable data generation using world models to diversify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Xinqing Li , Ruiqi Song , Qingyu Xie , Ye Wu , Nanxin Zeng , Yunfeng Ai